18th Century Red Ware Vase with Prunus Decoration
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18th century red Ware vase, c.1760 attributed to Whieldon /Wedgwood, of baluster form, with applied slipware prunus decoration to the body in relief on a lead glaze red ware glaze, on circular foot, height 9 cm
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- Attributed - A cataloguing term where the item in the opinion of the cataloguers, is a of the period of the artist, craftsman or designer, and which probably in whole or part is the work of that person.
- Lead Glaze - Lead glaze, also known as lead glaze or leaded glaze, is a type of glaze that contains lead oxide as one of its primary components. It was commonly used in the decoration of Chinese and Western ceramics from ancient times until the mid-20th century.
In Chinese ceramics, lead glazes were used as early as the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD). The use of lead glazes became more widespread during the Song Dynasty (960-1279 AD), when potters developed the technique of firing ceramics at a high temperature to create a translucent, glass-like surface. This type of glaze, known as "celadon," was often used to decorate delicate porcelain vessels.
In the Western world, lead glazes were also commonly used to decorate ceramics. For example, during the Renaissance, lead glazes were often used to create brightly coloured majolica ware, which was popular in Italy and Spain. Lead glazes were also used in the production of English creamware and pearlware during the 18th and 19th centuries.
While lead glazes were prized for their beauty and durability, they also posed a health risk to potters and consumers, as lead is a toxic substance. Today, the use of lead glazes in ceramics is highly regulated or banned in many countries, and modern ceramic artists have developed alternative glazing techniques that are safer and more environmentally friendly. - Slipware Pottery - When people think of how pottery is made, they usually imagine clay being thrown on a wheel. This is still a common method used by studio potters, together with coiling and carving. However, these techniques are time-consuming and so for factory production, a quicker and cheaper method is essential. Such a method is slip casting.
In slip casting, a clay slurry is poured into a plaster of Paris mould. When the clay has dried, the mould is taken apart and the pot allowed to dry further. It may then be fired, decorated and glazed.
Most factory produced mid 20th century pottery was slipware. Huge quantities were maufactured for the 'popular ornaments' market.
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