Learn about and understand the items, manufacturers, designers and periods as well as the specialist terms used in describing antiques and collectables. Either click one of the letters below to list the items beginning with that letter, or click on a category on the left side of the screen to list the items under that category.

Kaare Klint

Kaare Klint was a Danish architect and furniture designer, known as the father of modern Danish furniture design. He was born in Copenhagen on December 15, 1888, and died there on March 28, 1954. Klint's style was epitomized by clean, pure lines, use of the best materials of his time, and superb craftsmanship. He was also a leading exponent of ergonomics.

Klint was the son of the equally influential architect Peder Vilhelm Jensen-Klint, whose monumental Grundtvig's Church he completed after his father's death in 1930. Klint apprenticed as a furniture maker in Kalundborg and Copenhagen from 1893 and took classes at technical school in Copenhagen, Jens Møller-Jensens furniture school, and the Artists' Studio Schools under Johan Rohde. He was then articled to Carl Petersen and was also taught the architectural trade by his father, who had completed his first architectural project in 1896.

In 1914, Klint designed the Faaborg Chair, which is considered to be one of the first truly modern Danish chairs. It was followed by a series of other iconic designs, including the Safari Chair (1933), the Red Chair (1933), and the Church Chair (1936).

In 1924, Klint helped establish the Department of Furniture Design at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, where he became the first professor. He taught at the academy for the rest of his life, and his students included some of the most famous Danish furniture designers of the 20th century, such as Børge Mogensen, Arne Jacobsen, and Hans J. Wegner. Klint's work had a profound influence on the development of modern Danish furniture design. His emphasis on simplicity, functionality, and quality helped to create the Danish Modern style, which is still admired and imitated today.

Klint was also a gifted architect, and he designed a number of notable buildings in Denmark, including the Grundtvig's Church, the Bethlehem Church, and the Danish Pavilion at the 1929 Barcelona International Exposition.

Klint received numerous awards for his work, including the Eckersberg Medal (1928), the C.F. Hansen Medal (1954), and the honorary title of Royal Designer for Industry (1949).

Klint's work is still highly sought-after, and his furniture designs are produced by a number of leading manufacturers, including Carl Hansen & Søn, Fredericia, and Rud Rasmussen.

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Kai Kristiansen

Kai Kristiansen is a Danish mid-century furniture designer known for his elegant and functional designs. Born on October 1, 1929, in Denmark, Kristiansen began his career in the field of furniture design in the late 1940s. He initially worked in his father's furniture workshop, where he gained hands-on experience and developed a deep understanding of craftsmanship.

Kristiansen gained recognition for his innovative and modern furniture designs in the 1950s and 1960s. He was heavily influenced by the principles of Scandinavian design, characterized by simplicity, functionality, and natural materials. Kristiansen's designs often featured clean lines, organic shapes, and a focus on practicality.

One of Kristiansen's most iconic designs is the "Model 42" dining chair, created in 1956. This chair showcases his mastery of form and ergonomics, with its curved backrest and comfortable seat. The chair's timeless design and quality craftsmanship have made it highly sought after by collectors and enthusiasts.

Throughout his career, Kai Kristiansen collaborated with various Danish furniture manufacturers, including Fritz Hansen, Magnus Olesen, and Schou Andersen. His designs were often produced in teak, rosewood, and other high-quality woods, highlighting his commitment to using natural materials.

Kai Kristiansen's work received several accolades and awards, including the prestigious gold medal at the Milan Triennale in 1957. His designs were praised for their elegance, craftsmanship, and ability to integrate seamlessly into various interior styles.

While Kristiansen's active design career spanned several decades, he gradually reduced his involvement in the furniture industry in the 1970s. However, his mid-century designs continue to be highly regarded and have left a lasting impact on the industry.

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Kailis Jewellery

Kailis Jewellery is a luxury jewellery brand based in Perth, Western Australia. It was founded in 1978 by Michael George Kailis AO CBE and his wife, Dr Patricia Hurse AM OBE. The company is known for its exquisitely crafted Australian South Sea pearl jewellery.

The Kailis family has a long history of involvement in the pearling industry. Michael George Kailis's grandfather, George Kailis, was a merchant seaman who immigrated to Western Australia from the Greek island of Castellorizo in the early 1900s. George Kailis established a pearling business in Broome, and his son, Michael Kailis Sr., continued the business after his death.

Michael George Kailis grew up in Broome and learned the pearling trade from his father. After graduating from high school, he moved to Perth to study law. However, he soon realized that his true passion was in jewellery design. In 1978, he opened his first jewellery store in Perth. Kailis Jewellery soon became known for its high-quality Australian South Sea pearl jewellery. The company's designs were inspired by the natural beauty of Western Australia, and its jewellery was often featured in fashion magazines and on the red carpet. In 1985, Kailis Jewellery opened its second store in Broome. The company continued to grow in the following years, and it now has stores in Perth, Broome, and Sydney.

Kailis Jewellery is a family-owned business, and Michael George Kailis and Dr Patricia Hurse are still actively involved in the company. They are committed to creating beautiful, timeless jewellery that celebrates the natural beauty of Australia. In 2018, Kailis Jewellery celebrated its 40th anniversary. Kailis Jewellery remains a leading Australian jewellery brand with a long and distinguished history.

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Kaj Franck

Kaj Franck was a Finnish glassware, textile, and ceramic designer who is considered one of the most important figures in Finnish design. He was born in Viipuri, Finland, in 1911 and studied at the University of Industrial Arts in Helsinki. After graduating in 1936, he worked as a designer for several different companies, including Arabia, Iittala, and Nuutajärvi.

Franck's designs were characterized by their simplicity, functionality, and attention to detail. He believed that good design should be affordable and accessible to everyone, and he often used simple, geometric shapes in his work. He was also a strong advocate for recycling and sustainability, and many of his designs were made from recycled materials.

Some of Franck's most famous designs include the Teema tableware for Iittala, the Kartio glassware for Nuutajärvi, and the Aalto vase for Iittala. These designs are still in production today and are considered classics of Finnish design.

Franck was also a teacher and an influential figure in the Finnish design community. He served as the artistic director of the Nuutajärvi glassworks from 1951 to 1976, and he was a professor at the University of Industrial Arts from 1960 to 1973. He was awarded the Lunning Prize in 1955 and the Compasso d'Oro in 1957, and he was inducted into the Design Hall of Fame in 2011.

Kaj Franck died in Helsinki in 1989. He is considered one of the most important figures in Finnish design, and his work continues to be influential today.

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Kakiemon Ceramics

Kakiemon ceramics are a type of Japanese porcelain that is characterized by its vibrant colors, intricate designs, and delicate beauty. The style is named after the Kakiemon family, who were master potters during the Edo period (1603-1868).

The history of Kakiemon ceramics can be traced back to the late 17th century, when the first Kakiemon, Sakaida Kakiemon I, developed a new style of porcelain that was based on Chinese and Korean ceramics, but with a unique Japanese flair. Kakiemon I was particularly interested in the Chinese "famille verte" style, which featured vibrant colours and intricate designs, and he developed his own version of this style, which he called "Aka-e" or "red pictures".

Kakiemon I's work was highly sought after by the shogunate and the aristocracy, and he became a leading figure in the world of Japanese ceramics. His family continued to produce porcelain in the Kakiemon style for generations, and the style became associated with the Kakiemon name.

Kakiemon ceramics are characterized by their delicate, fine-grained porcelain, their intricate designs, and their use of bright, vibrant colours. The designs often feature flowers, birds, and other natural motifs, and are executed with incredible precision and attention to detail.

The Kakiemon family still produces ceramics in the traditional style, and their work continues to be celebrated for its beauty, craftsmanship, and historical significance.

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Kakiemon Porcelain

A Meissen box and cover, circa 1740, the octagonal cover and box decorated in Kakiemon colours.

Kakiemon porcelain was made from the 16th to the 19th century in the Arita area of Japan, and is generally agreed to include some of the finest porcelain made in Japan. It is decorated with polychrome enamels over glaze, the most popular colours being underglaze blue and enamels of green, blue, turquoise yellow and persimmon red.

The body of a Kakiemon object is pure white porcelain while the enamel overglaze motifs incorporate Japanese and Chinese designs, but leave much of the white surface unpainted. The name derives from the family of potters who are associated with this style of pottery.

Early Kakiemon porcelain was unmarked, and marks on later objects were variable and unreliable.

Kakiemon porcelain was first imported into Europe by the Dutch at the end of the 17th century, and became extremely popular, resulting in Kakiemon-style imitations being produced by European potteries including Bow, Chelsea and Worcester in England, Mennery, Samson and St. Cloud in France, Delft in Holland and Meissen in Germany.

It's rare for an original Kakiemon object to come onto the market, and almost all sold nowadays is of European origin, and described as Kakiemon pattern or Kakiemon style.

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Kaleidoscope

The kaleidoscope is an optical instrument that creates colorful, symmetrical patterns by reflecting and refracting light through a series of mirrors and lenses. It was invented in 1816 by Scottish physicist and inventor Sir David Brewster.

Brewster was experimenting with light polarization when he stumbled upon the idea for the kaleidoscope. He found that by reflecting light through a prism and then through a series of mirrors, he could create beautiful, symmetrical patterns. Brewster was so fascinated by the patterns that he immediately set to work developing a prototype of the kaleidoscope. His original kaleidoscope was a simple tube with two or three mirrors placed at one end, with objects such as pieces of colored glass and beads placed at the other end. When the tube was rotated, the objects inside would reflect off the mirrors, creating intricate patterns that would change as the tube was turned.

The kaleidoscope quickly became popular, and Brewster was granted a patent for his invention in 1817. The first kaleidoscopes were made by hand and were quite expensive, but they quickly became popular as toys and as objects of scientific curiosity.

The kaleidoscope went on to inspire many other inventors and artists, who developed new variations on the original design. Some kaleidoscopes were made with more complex mirror systems, while others used different materials such as crystal and stained glass to create even more intricate patterns. The kaleidoscope remains a popular toy and artistic tool, and is admired for its ability to create beautiful and ever-changing patterns from simple materials and optical principles.

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Kalmar Ceramics

Kalmar Ceramics were produced by migrants Julius and Irene Kalmar of Hungary from the early 1950's to mid 1960's. Their first factory was at Lakemba, NSW and they later moved to Punchbowl. Kalmar Ceramics became Australian Art & Ceramic Products, abbreviated to AACP.

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Kamakura Period

The Kamakura period was a period in Japanese history that lasted from 1185 to 1333. It is named after the city of Kamakura, which served as the de facto capital of Japan during this time.

The Kamakura period began with the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate by Minamoto no Yoritomo, who had defeated his rivals in a series of battles and was granted the title of shogun by the emperor. The shogunate was a military government that was based in Kamakura, and it marked a shift away from the traditional imperial system of government in Japan.

During the Kamakura period, Japan experienced a period of relative stability and economic growth. The samurai, who had previously been only one part of the complex aristocratic hierarchy, became the dominant military class and the backbone of the shogunate's power. The period also saw the rise of the warrior code of bushido, which emphasized loyalty, courage, and honor.

The Kamakura period also witnessed a flowering of culture and art, with the development of new forms of poetry, drama, and visual arts. The Zen sect of Buddhism also gained popularity during this period, and had a significant influence on Japanese culture and philosophy.

The Kamakura period came to an end in 1333, when the Kamakura shogunate was overthrown by Emperor Go-Daigo in a period of political turmoil known as the Kemmu Restoration. Nevertheless, the period remains a significant and influential era in Japanese history and culture and continues to inspire scholars and artists today.

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Kammer & Reinhardt

A Kammer & Reinhardt/Simon & Halbig companion character doll, with oily bisque head, fixed blue glass eyes , open mouth with four upper teeth, pierced ears, long chestnut wig on a fully jointed composition child's body.

The Kammer & Reinhardt doll company was formed in 1886 in Waltershausen, Thuringia, Germany by doll-maker Ernst Kämmer and businessman Franz Reinhardt.

The early Kammer & Reinhardt dolls were made of wax, and while Kammer & Reinhardt bisque doll heads and bodies were designed by by the company, most of the heads were manufactured by another German doll manufacturer, Simon & Halbig. They also purchased bisque heads from the porcelain factories of Kling and Schuetzmeister & Quendt.

From 1886 to 1909 they made dolls with a bisque head on a composition ball jointed body or kid, many with an open mouth with teeth, but after 1909 they diversified into other types of dolls including bisque, composition or celluloid heads, and cloth costume dolls with wired bodies, dressed as various professions.

Kammer & Reinhardt were one of the first producers to use coloured bisque for black, red Indian and oriental dolls, the latter of which had slanted eyes.

However, Kammer & Reinhardt is probably best known for their character baby and child dolls.

In 1902 Kammer & Reinhardt purchased the Heinrich Handwerck doll company and in 1919 they merged with the Simon & Halbig doll company.

After World War II, with their production base in what was then East Germany, all doll producers in the city of Waltershausen, where Kammer & Reinhardt were based, were combined into a single entity to avoid competition amongst the East German manufacturers, and operated as "Biggei".

The Kammer & Reinhardt company is now operating independently again, and still producing dolls.

In January 2013 a Kammer & Reinhardt doll set a world record for the most valuable German made character doll, when a doll modelled by renowned sculptor Arthur Lewin-Funcke of a child dressed in traditional German costume, known as Model 104, was sold for $US212,000 by Theriault's Antique Doll Auctions in California.

The auction house, which specialises in doll sales, currently holds the world record for any doll at auction, set in 2009 by a French model by sculptor Albert Marque, which achieved $US263,000.

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Kangxi Porcelain

Kangxi porcelain refers to Chinese porcelain produced during the reign of the Kangxi Emperor, who ruled China from 1662 to 1722. Kangxi porcelain is considered to be one of the most important and influential ceramic styles in Chinese history.

Under the Kangxi Emperor's patronage, Chinese porcelain production saw a period of significant growth and innovation. Kangxi porcelain is characterized by its fine quality, delicate designs, and vibrant colours. The porcelain was typically decorated with elaborate scenes of landscapes, animals, flowers, and human figures, often in a style that emphasized naturalism and realism.

One of the most important developments in Kangxi porcelain was the refinement of the blue-and-white porcelain style. This involved painting intricate designs in cobalt blue pigment onto a white porcelain base, resulting in a striking and elegant effect. The Kangxi era also saw the development of other ceramic styles, such as the famille verte and famille rose, which featured a wider range of colors and more complex designs.

Kangxi porcelain was highly prized both within China and by foreign collectors, and it was exported to Europe and other parts of the world in large quantities. It had a significant influence on the development of European porcelain styles, particularly in the 18th century.

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Kaolin

Kaolin, also known as china clay, is a white clay mineral that is commonly used in the production of ceramics, paper, paint, and other products. It is composed primarily of the mineral kaolinite, which is a hydrated aluminum silicate. Kaolin is found in many parts of the world, but it is particularly abundant in the southeastern United States, where it is commonly mined. The mineral is formed by the weathering of rocks that contain aluminum silicates, such as feldspar and mica.

The resulting clay is often mixed with other minerals and materials to produce products with specific properties, such as strength, translucency, and whiteness. In the production of ceramics, kaolin is used to make porcelain, which is known for its strength, translucency, and whiteness.

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Karabagh, Southern Caucasus

Karabagh is a historical region located in the southern Caucasus, which includes parts of present-day Armenia and Azerbaijan. It is known for its long tradition of carpet weaving, which dates back centuries.

Karabagh carpets are typically made using the double-knot technique, which results in a dense and durable carpet with intricate designs and vibrant colours. The carpets often feature geometric patterns, including stylized flowers, stars, and animal motifs. The colours used in Karabagh carpets are typically bright and bold, and include reds, blues, greens, and yellows.

The production of Karabagh carpets was a major industry in the region for centuries, and it continues to be an important cultural and economic activity today. The carpets are highly valued by collectors and are considered to be among the finest examples of traditional Caucasian weaving.

In addition to carpets, the Karabagh region is also known for its production of other textiles, including traditional Azerbaijani kelims and Armenian trims. These textiles feature similar designs and colors to the Karabagh carpets.

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Karl Ens

Karl Ens was a renowned German potter known for his exquisite porcelain creations. Born on November 8, 1867, in Volkstedt, Thuringia, Germany, Ens developed a passion for pottery from a young age. He honed his skills under the guidance of his father, Eduard Ens, who was also a respected potter.

In 1890, Karl Ens took over his father's porcelain factory in Volkstedt and began expanding the business. Under his leadership, the company flourished, producing delicate and intricately designed porcelain pieces that gained international recognition. Ens was particularly celebrated for his artistic bird and animal figurines, which became his signature creations.

Ens embraced the Art Nouveau style that was prominent during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. His porcelain pieces often featured flowing lines, vibrant colors, and intricate detailing, reflecting the natural world and its creatures. The attention to detail and the lifelike quality of his animal figurines set Ens apart from his contemporaries.

The Karl Ens porcelain factory employed skilled artisans who meticulously crafted each piece by hand, ensuring the highest level of craftsmanship. The factory's dedication to quality and artistic expression garnered numerous accolades and awards at international exhibitions, including the prestigious World's Fair in Paris.

Ens' bird and animal figurines gained popularity among collectors and enthusiasts worldwide. His creations depicted a wide range of animals, including birds, mammals, and exotic creatures. Ens' porcelain figurines often captured the essence and movement of the animals, showcasing his remarkable talent for capturing the lifelike details in his art.

Karl Ens continued to lead his porcelain factory until his death on February 5, 1940.

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Kartell

Kartell is an Italian furniture company based in Milan that was founded in 1949 by Giulio Castelli, an engineer and entrepreneur who saw an opportunity to create affordable and stylish furniture that was also durable and easy to care for.. The company is known for its innovative use of plastic, and it has produced some of the most iconic pieces of mid-century modern furniture

Kartell's first product was the Fortuny chair, which was made of moulded plastic. The chair was a success, and it helped to establish Kartell as a leader in the design and production of plastic furniture. In the 1960s, Kartell began to collaborate with some of the most renowned designers of the day, including Anna Castelli Ferrieri, Vico Magistretti, and Philippe Starck. These collaborations resulted in some of Kartell's most iconic pieces of furniture, including the Louis Ghost chair, the Bourgie lamp, and the Masters chair:

•    Louis Ghost chair: This chair was designed by Philippe Starck in 2002. It is made of transparent polycarbonate, and it is inspired by the Louis XVI style.

•    Bourgie lamp: This lamp was designed by Ferruccio Laviani in 2000. It is made of transparent polycarbonate, and it is inspired by the shape of a candle.

•    Masters chair: This chair was designed by Philippe Starck in 1998. It is made of injection-molded polypropylene, and it is inspired by the work of some of the most famous designers of the 20th century, including Le Corbusier, Charles Eames, and Mies van der Rohe.

Kartell continues to be a leading manufacturer of plastic furniture today. The company is known for its innovative designs and its commitment to quality. Kartell's products are found in homes and businesses all over the world, and they continue to be admired for their style and their functionality.

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Kashan, Central Iran

Kashan is a city in central Iran that has a long tradition of producing fine quality carpets and rugs. Rugs from Kashan are known for their intricate designs and high quality wool, which is sourced from local sheep and spun by hand. The rugs typically feature floral and garden motifs, including stylized flowers and vines, as well as medallions and intricate borders. The designs are often inspired by Persian miniature paintings, and the rugs themselves are considered to be works of art.

Kashan rugs are known for their fine weave, with knot counts ranging from 200 to 800 knots per square inch. The wool used in the rugs is often hand-dyed using natural dyes, which results in a rich and varied color palette. The city also produces silk carpets, which are made using a combination of silk and wool. These carpets are highly prized for their soft texture and intricate designs, and are considered to be among the finest examples of Persian rug weaving.

In addition to carpets and rugs, Kashan is also known for its production of textiles and ceramics.

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Kathe Kruse

Kathe Kruse was a German dollmaker who is best known for her handmade dolls and soft toys. She was born in 1883 in Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland) and grew up in a creative family with a strong interest in art and crafts.

After studying art and sculpture, Kruse began making dolls in 1905. She was inspired by the dolls of her own childhood, which were made from traditional materials like cloth and wool rather than the more modern and commercial materials used in mass-produced dolls.

Kruse's dolls quickly gained a following, and she opened her own workshop in 1911. She began to experiment with different materials and techniques, and her dolls became known for their lifelike features, soft bodies, and expressive faces.

During World War II, Kruse's workshop was destroyed, but she continued to make dolls from her home. After the war, she reopened her workshop and began to train a new generation of dollmakers in her techniques.

Kathe Kruse dolls are highly sought after by collectors and are still made by the company that bears her name.

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Katherine Smyth

Katherine Smyth is a New Zealand studio potter based in Wellington. She is known for her hand-built vessels that bring a contemporary element to old world ceramic forms and traditions. Her work is strongly influenced by her fascination with the Middle East, where she has spent time living and working.

She was born in Christchurch, New Zealand. She initially trained as a chef at Otago Polytechnic, graduating in 1986. She worked at Wellington restaurant Il Casino, then The Sugar Club alongside chef Peter Gordon. Between 1989 and 1991, she studied towards a Diploma of Fine Arts in Ceramics at Sydney's National Art School in Australia.

In 1993, Smyth worked in Taibeh, near Petra in Jordan, alongside English potter Jim Mason, teaching local women potting skills. This experience left a lasting impression on Smyth, and she began making tall vases and jugs inspired by Bronze Age serving and storage vessels. She has made repeated trips to the Middle East over the years, and her work continues to be influenced by the region's culture and history. She is also interested in the relationship between food and ceramics, and her work often incorporates elements of both.

Smyth's work is held in public and private collections throughout New Zealand and internationally, including the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, the Auckland War Memorial Museum, and the Wallace Arts Trust. She has received numerous awards and grants for her work, including a Creative New Zealand Professional Development Grant in 2003 and a New Work Grant in 2004. In 2012, she was awarded another Creative New Zealand grant to begin producing a series of work called Zoomorphic, based on animal forms.

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Kauri

An evergreen conifer tree associated with New Zealand, but also grown in northern Australia, and islands around the Pacific rim including Borneo, Vanuatu and New Guinea. The timber is generally golden in colour, and straight grained without much knotting.

A by-product of the kauri tree was the kauri gum, the fossilised resin extracted from the tree. The gum was obtained through digging, fossicking in treetops, or more drastically, by bleeding live trees. Kauri gum was used in the manufacture of varnishes and other resin-based products, and also crafted into jewellery, keepsakes, and small decorative items.

Kauri forests were prolific in the north of the North Island of New Zealand. European settlers in the 1700 and 1800s realised that the timber from these tall trees with broad trunks would be ideal for ship building and construction and a thriving industry was established harvesting the kauri tree. The forests were substantially reduced, and now the remaining Kauri trees that grow in New Zealand are protected, and there are reserves in various areas of the North Island.

The remaining stands of kauri in New Zealand are under threat from "kauri disease", a microscopic organism that causes dieback in the trees, with vast tracts either dead or dying.

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Kazak, Central Asia

Kazak is a region in the Caucasus Mountains of Central Asia that is known for producing a type of rug or carpet that bears its name. The carpets are characterized by their bold and geometric designs, rich colors, and thick, sturdy wool pile and are hand-woven by skilled artisans, typically using natural dyes and hand-spun wool. The designs are often inspired by traditional tribal motifs, such as stars, crosses, and stylized flowers, and feature vibrant colours such as red, blue, green, and yellow.

Kazak carpets are known for their durability and resistance to wear, making them a popular choice for homes and other high-traffic areas. The carpets are also prized by collectors for their beauty and cultural significance.

In addition to traditional Kazak carpets, the region is also known for producing a type of rug called the Kazak soumak, which is made using a flat weaving technique that results in a strong and durable carpet with a reversible design. These soumak rugs are often decorated with intricate geometric patterns and tribal motifs, and are highly valued by collectors.

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Keith Miller

Keith Miller was a legendary Australian cricketer who played for the Australian cricket team from 1946 to 1956. He was born on November 28, 1919, in Sunshine, Victoria, Australia, and grew up in an athletic family with a passion for cricket.

Miller was a multi-talented cricketer who excelled as an all-rounder, with the ability to both bat and bowl at a high level. He was known for his aggressive and fearless approach to the game, as well as his flamboyant personality both on and off the field.

Miller made his debut for the Australian cricket team in 1946 against New Zealand and quickly established himself as a key player in the team. He played a pivotal role in Australia's dominant performances against England in the famous 1948 Ashes series, which they won 4-0, scoring 390 runs and taking 15 wickets.

Throughout his career, Miller played 55 Test matches for Australia and scored 2,958 runs at an average of 36.97, while also taking 170 wickets at an average of 22.97. He was widely regarded as one of the best all-rounders of his generation and was inducted into the Australian Cricket Hall of Fame in 1996.

In addition to his cricketing achievements, Miller was also a distinguished World War II fighter pilot, serving with the Royal Australian Air Force. He was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for his service during the war.

Keith Miller passed away on October 11, 2004, at the age of 84, leaving behind a legacy as one of Australia's greatest cricketing heroes.

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Kenna Models

Kenna Models was a British toy making company founded in 1947 by Ken and Nan Smith. The company was based in the town of Trowbridge in Wiltshire, England.

The company was known for its high quality and realistic diecast models of vehicles, including cars, trucks, buses, and aircraft. The company's models were popular with collectors and hobbyists alike. In the early years, Kenna Models focused on producing models of British vehicles. However, as the company grew, it began to produce models of vehicles from all over the world.

Kenna Models was one of the first companies to produce diecast models in 1:43 scale. This scale is now one of the most popular for diecast models. The company also produced models in other scales, including 1:18, 1:24, and 1:32.

Kenna Models was acquired by the Mattel toy company in 1982. Mattel continued to produce Kenna Models models for a few years, but the brand was eventually discontinued in 1986. Despite its relatively short lifespan, Kenna Models is still remembered as one of the leading British toy making companies of the 20th century. The company's models are still highly sought after by collectors today.

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Kenrick, Archibald & Sons

Archibald Kenrick & Sons operated an iron foundry at West Bromwich, near Birmingham from 1791 to the 1950s.

The company was founded by Archibald Kenrick I (1760 - 1835) and the firm came to specialise in cast iron kitchen hollow-ware, which became its main product line in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

By the World War I the company had became one of the areas leading metal manufacturers. The interwar years were difficult, but in the 1950s, Kenricks acquired the manufacturing rights to the Shepherd castor for furniture, the market leader. This was to be crucial to the firm's prosperity in the 1960s and 70s.

Kendrick cast iron may be identified by a cast of the full company name into an unobtrusive section of an object, or alternatively, the an abbreviated mark, "A. K. & SONS".

There is a cast iron kettle by Kenrick in the Museum Victoria collection, and a cast iron double lotus shape doorknocker in the Powerhouse Museum in Sydney.

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Kenton Hardware Company

The Kenton Hardware Company was a toy manufacturer based in Kenton, Ohio, USA. The company was founded in 1890 by George Duncan and began producing cast iron toys in the late 1890s.

Initially, Kenton produced a wide range of cast iron toys, including horse-drawn vehicles, banks, and trains. In the early 1900s, the company began producing toys with moving parts, such as wind-up cars and mechanical banks.

In the 1920s, Kenton began to focus more on producing toy trucks, which quickly became one of their most popular products. These trucks were made with intricate details and features, such as working steering wheels, opening doors, and moving parts.

During the Great Depression, Kenton faced financial difficulties and was eventually purchased by the National Novelty Corporation in 1934. Despite this, the company continued to produce toys, including trucks, airplanes, and military vehicles, until the late 1950s when production ceased.

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Kenzo

Kenzo is a French fashion brand founded in 1970 by Japanese designer Kenzo Takada. Takada was born in Himeji, Japan, in 1939. He studied fashion at Bunka Fashion College in Tokyo, and then moved to Paris in 1964 to pursue his dream of becoming a fashion designer.

In 1970, Takada opened his first boutique in Paris, called Jungle Jap. The boutique was decorated with a jungle-inspired interior, and the clothes were designed to reflect Takada's love of Asian culture and his interest in mixing different styles. Takada's designs were an immediate success, and he quickly became one of the most popular fashion designers in Paris.

In 1976, Takada changed the name of his brand to Kenzo. He also started designing men's clothing, and expanded his line to include accessories, fragrances, and home goods.

In 1993, Kenzo Takada sold his brand to the luxury conglomerate LVMH (Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton) while maintaining a creative role within the company. Takada retired from fashion design in 1999, but the Kenzo brand continued to be successful under the creative direction of other designers, including Antonio Marras, Carol Lim and Humberto Leon, and Felipe Oliveira Baptista. In 2021, the brand appointed Nigo as its new creative director.

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Kerman / Kirman Carpets

Kerman carpets originated in the city of Kerman (also spelled Kirman) in eastern Iran. Kerman has a long history of carpet weaving, dating back at least 500 years, and its carpets are known for their high quality and intricate designs.

The earliest Kerman carpets were produced in the 16th century for use in the palaces of the ruling Safavid dynasty. These early carpets were often large and featured intricate floral designs in bold colours.

During the 18th and 19th centuries, Kerman carpets became popular in Europe, especially among wealthy collectors. The carpets were often sold through European trading companies, which sometimes commissioned specific designs or colours to suit European tastes.

In the 19th century, Kerman carpet weavers began to incorporate new elements into their designs, such as European-style floral patterns and pictorial scenes. Some of these carpets were made specifically for export to the West, and they became very popular among collectors and interior designers.

Some of the most famous Kerman carpets are those that feature a central medallion surrounded by a repeating pattern of flowers or other decorative elements. Kerman carpets are considered to be one of the finest types of Persian carpets, and they are a testament to the skill and creativity of the weavers who have worked in the Kerman region for centuries.

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Kerman Carpets, South-East Persia

Kerman is a city located in the south-eastern part of Iran, and it is known for producing some of the finest and most luxurious handmade carpets in the world. Kerman carpets are renowned for their intricate designs, rich colours, and exceptional quality, and they have been prized by collectors and connoisseurs of fine textiles for centuries.

The carpets are typically made from high-quality wool or silk, and they are often adorned with intricate floral or geometric patterns. The designs are usually inspired by the natural world, with motifs such as flowers, leaves, and vines featuring prominently in the patterns. One of the most distinctive features of Kerman carpets is their rich colour palette, which often includes deep shades of red, blue, and green, as well as lighter pastel tones. The colours are typically achieved through the use of natural dyes, which are sourced from plants, insects, and minerals.

Also known for their exceptional durability and long-lasting quality, Kerman carpets are hand-woven using traditional techniques, and the weavers take great care to ensure that each knot is perfectly aligned and tightly woven. As a result, Kerman carpets are prized for their durability and ability to withstand heavy foot traffic and wear.

Kerman carpets remain highly sought after by collectors and interior designers around the world. They are considered to be some of the finest and most luxurious handmade carpets available, and they continue to be produced using the same traditional techniques and methods that have been used for centuries.

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Kerosene Lamps

Kerosene lamps from the 19th century represent a significant development in lighting technology and played a crucial role in illuminating homes, businesses, and streets during that era. Kerosene is also known as liquid paraffin.

Prior to the introduction of kerosene lamps, lighting options were limited to candles, oil lamps, or gas lamps. Candles were the most common source of light, but they were expensive, produced limited illumination, and posed a significant fire hazard. Oil lamps, fueled by various vegetable oils, were an improvement over candles, but they were still prone to smoke, odor, and the risk of fire. The arrival of kerosene lamps in the mid-19th century marked a turning point in lighting technology.

Kerosene, a flammable hydrocarbon liquid derived from petroleum, became a popular fuel for lamps due to its clean-burning properties and relatively low cost. Kerosene lamps were more efficient and produced a brighter, steadier light compared to previous oil lamps. The introduction of kerosene lamps also coincided with advancements in lamp design, with manufacturers producing a wide range of styles and sizes to suit different needs and preferences.

The design of 19th-century kerosene lamps varied, but they typically consisted of a reservoir for holding the kerosene, a burner, and a chimney to direct the light and protect the flame. The reservoir could be made of glass, metal, or ceramic, and it often featured ornate decorations or patterns to enhance the lamp's aesthetic appeal. The burner incorporated a wick that drew kerosene from the reservoir and allowed it to burn, while the chimney helped to stabilize the flame and reduce the risk of accidents.

The introduction of kerosene lamps had a transformative effect on society. They brought illumination to areas that were previously in darkness, making it easier and safer to perform tasks, study, and socialize after sunset. The availability of affordable and reliable lighting had a profound impact on productivity, allowing people to extend their working hours and engage in various activities during the evenings.

Kerosene lamps were widely used in both urban and rural areas throughout the 19th century. They were particularly beneficial in areas without access to gas lighting or electricity, and they remained popular even after the introduction of electric lighting in the late 19th century. Kerosene lamps were commonly found in homes, businesses, and public spaces, including streets and outdoor areas.

However, the use of kerosene lamps was not without its drawbacks. The lamps required regular maintenance, including cleaning the wicks, replenishing the fuel, and ensuring proper ventilation to prevent the accumulation of fumes. Accidents, such as lamp explosions or fires, were also a risk if the lamps were mishandled or not properly maintained.

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Kerr & Binns

Kerr & Binns was a British manufacturer of porcelain based in Worcester, England. The company was established in 1835 by Thomas Kerr and William Binns, who formed a partnership to manufacture and sell porcelain items. They began producing bone china in 1849, and in 1851, the company was granted a Royal Warrant by Queen Victoria.

The company operated from a factory in Worcester, which was one of the largest porcelain factories in the world at the time. The company produced a wide variety of porcelain items, including tableware, figurines, and ornamental items. They were known for their high-quality products and the intricate designs that adorned them.

In 1881, the company was sold to a group of investors and was renamed Royal Worcester Porcelain. The factory continued to operate under this name until 2008, when the business went into administration. The brand and intellectual property were acquired by the Portmeiron group.

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Keshi Pearls

Keshi is a Japanese word meaning 'poppy seed', but not an indicator of the true size of the pearl. But keshi pearls are small, and are usually irregular in shape. They are sold by weight rather than size as is usual with pearls. Originally a by-product of pearl farming, most Keshi pearls are now deliberately cultivated.

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Kettle Stands, Freestanding Wooden

A kettle stand is an item of furniture from the 18th and 19th centuries used to hold a hot kettle or teapot, allowing it to cool without damaging the surface of a table or other piece of furniture.

A kettle stand is small, portable table frequently made from mahogany and either a circular top with three legs, or square top with four legs. The flat top would have a circular or oval depression in the centre, called a well, which was designed to hold the kettle or teapot. The well was often lined with a heat-resistant material, such as copper or brass, to protect the wood from heat and moisture.

The kettle stands were used in the sitting room or drawing room, where tea would be served to guests. The stand could be easily moved from place to place, making it convenient for serving tea in different areas of the room. Kettle stands were also sometimes used in the kitchen, to hold a hot kettle while cooking or preparing food.

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Kettles on Stand

Unlike the utilitarian copper kettles found in the kitchen, these fancy kettles were an indispensable accessory for the formal tea party, held in the parlour or sitting room. Also known as spirit kettles, they were popular during the whole of the 18th and 19th centuries, and were originally used for replenishing the teapot.

They were sometimes one of the components of a tea set, but most examples appearing on the market in Australia are singles.

Most stands had four legs, with the burner situated at mid height between the four legs, allowing the presence or otherwise of a flame to be seen. Some kettles were attached to the stand with a chain, secured by a removable locking pin. The burners were removable from the frame for cleaning purposes

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Kewpie Doll

Kewpie dolls are a type of doll that were first created in the early 20th century by American illustrator and artist, Rose O'Neill. The first Kewpie doll was designed by O'Neill in 1909, and it quickly became a popular toy for children and collectors alike.

The Kewpie doll is a small, chubby doll with a round head, big eyes, and a tuft of hair on top. It is known for its distinctive style, which includes a childlike, innocent expression and a whimsical, playful appearance. The dolls are typically made of bisque, a type of unglazed porcelain, and are often decorated with colourful clothes and accessories.

Rose O'Neill was inspired to create the Kewpie doll by the cherub-like figures she saw in classical art, and she wanted to create a similar figure that would appeal to children. She initially began drawing Kewpies for magazine illustrations, but soon realized their potential as a toy.

The first Kewpie dolls were produced by the J.D. Kestner Doll Company in Germany, and they were quickly embraced by American children. The dolls were marketed as a wholesome, playful toy that encouraged children to use their imaginations and play creatively.

Over the years, the Kewpie doll has continued to evolve and change with the times. In the 1920s and 1930s, the dolls were often dressed in the latest fashions, and they were popular as a collectible item. During World War II, Kewpie dolls were produced in a more patriotic style, with dolls dressed in military uniforms.

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Kewpie Doll

An early 20th century bisque Kewpie doll, standing with head down, eyes towards the left, jointed arms, and original paper label to front and back.

The Kewpie character was the invention of artist and cartoonist, Rose O'Neill (1874-1944). She had a strong interest in drawing from an early age, and after winning a prize in a drawing competition at the age of 13, and within two years was employed full-time a an artist for two magazines.

At he age of 19 she moved to New York to further her career, and within a few years became America's first woman cartoonist.

After two failed marriages she moved to live in a cottage in Missouri, and it was here, in 1909 at the age of 25 she created the line drawings for the Kewpie character for which she is so famous.

The line drawings were used by design student Joseph Kallus, to create the Kewpie doll. Kallus worked for Geo. Borgfeldt & Co. who had secured the distribution rights for the Kewpie doll.

The doll was an immediate success and by 1918 there were 21 factories in Germany and the United States producing kewpies to meet the demand experienced by Geo. Borgfeldt & Co.

The various manufacturers each specialised in making Kewpies in different materials. There were all bisque kewpies, celluloid kewpies and cloth and composition versions. Most Kewpies had Rose O'Neill's signature moulded into the one foot, but there were many kewpies made that were unauthorised and unsigned.

Although she became very wealthy from her creation, by 1944 she had lost most of her wealth due to her extravagant lifestyle. She died in 1944 and the rights to the Kewpie passed back to the original designer, Joseph Kallus.

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Keyless Watch

A keyless watch is a type of pocket watch or wristwatch that does not require a separate winding key to wind or set the time. Instead, a keyless watch is wound and set by a small knob or button located on the side of the watch, called a crown.

Keyless watches were first introduced in the late 19th century and quickly became popular due to their convenience and ease of use. Prior to the development of keyless watches, pocket watches were typically wound and set using a small key that was inserted into a hole in the watch case. The key would be turned to wind the watch's mainspring, and then turned again to set the time.

With the introduction of the keyless watch, watchmakers were able to simplify the winding and setting process by eliminating the need for a separate key. Instead, the crown on the side of the watch could be pulled out to set the time, and then pushed back in to wind the watch's mainspring.

The keyless watch design has since become the standard for most modern watches, both pocket and wristwatches. In addition to being more convenient to use, keyless watches are also typically more reliable and accurate than earlier models that used winding keys.

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Keys, Eileen

Eileen Keys was born in 1903 in New Zealand.

She studied at the Canterbury School of Art, Christchurch, and the Chelsea School of Art and Crafts in London.

She initially taught art at the Cathedral Grammar School, Christchurch, then in 1947 she moved to Western Australia and became involved with ceramics while teaching art and craft at Scotch College, Western Australia.

Basically she is

self-taught in ceramics except for visits to potters in England, Sweden, Japan and America, and she experimented much with local minerals in glazes.

She is represented in the Art Gallery of New South Wales, Art Gallery of Western Australia, National Gallery of Victoria, Queensland Art Gallery and the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery.

Eileen Keys died in 1986.

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Khai Liew

Khai Liew was a late 20th-century Australian furniture designer, born in 1954 in Penang, Malaysia. He moved to Australia in 1972 and studied industrial design at the South Australian School of Art in Adelaide, where he graduated in 1981.

After graduation, Liew worked for several design firms in Adelaide, including Wills Furniture and Jardan. In 1995, he established his own design studio, Khai Liew Design, which gained a reputation for producing high-quality furniture with a focus on craftsmanship, materials, and traditional techniques.

Liew's designs are characterized by their elegant simplicity, refined detailing, and use of natural materials, such as timber, leather, and stone. He often drew inspiration from his Asian heritage, as well as from the Australian landscape and cultural history.

Liew's work has been exhibited in major galleries and design shows around the world, including the Victoria and Albert Museum in London, the National Gallery of Australia, and the Milan Furniture Fair. He has also been commissioned to create furniture for a number of public and private clients, including the Australian Parliament House and the National Gallery of Victoria.

In addition to his work as a designer, Liew has been an influential figure in the Australian design community, serving as a mentor and teacher to many young designers. He has also been recognized for his contributions to design with numerous awards and honors, including the Australia Council Visual Arts/Crafts Emeritus Award in 2010 and an Order of Australia in 2012.

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Khmer Period

From the 9th to the 15th century in Asia is recognised as the Khmer period. It was a time of great cultural and architectural achievement, and the Khmer Empire was one of the most powerful in Southeast Asia. The Khmer Empire was centred in what is now Cambodia, but it also controlled parts of Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam.

The Khmer Empire was founded in the 9th century by Jayavarman II. He declared himself a "universal monarch" and established his capital at Angkor. Angkor was a vast city, and it was home to some of the most impressive temples in the world, including Angkor Wat.

The Khmer Empire reached its peak in the 12th and 13th centuries. During this time, the empire was a major centre of trade and learning. The Khmer also made significant advances in architecture, sculpture, and painting.

The Khmer Empire began to decline in the 14th century. This was due to a number of factors, including internal conflict and the rise of new powers in the region. The empire finally collapsed in the 15th century.

The Khmer period left a lasting legacy in Southeast Asia. The ruins of Angkor are still one of the most popular tourist destinations in the region. The Khmer also made significant contributions to art, architecture, and religion and their influence can still be seen in the cultures of Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam.

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Khorasan Rugs

Khorasan is a region in North East Persia, which is known for producing high-quality handmade rugs and carpets. Khorasan has a long history of rug weaving, dating back to at least the 16th century, and it is considered one of the most important rug-producing regions in Persia.

The rugs are known for their fine quality, durability, and intricate designs. They are typically made using high-quality wool or silk, and are often characterized by a dense, tight pile that is both soft and resilient. The designs of Khorasan rugs vary widely, but they often feature intricate floral or geometric patterns, as well as bold, vibrant colors.

Some of the most famous types of Khorasan rugs include Mashad, Kerman, and Nain rugs. Mashad rugs are known for their large size and intricate designs, often featuring floral or medallion motifs in rich colors. Kerman rugs are also highly prized for their quality and design, and often feature intricate patterns in soft, pastel colors. Nain rugs, on the other hand, are known for their delicate, intricate designs, and are often made using a combination of wool and silk.

Khorasan rugs are also known for their durability and long-lasting quality. They are typically made using traditional weaving techniques, such as the hand-knotting method, which creates a strong, dense pile that can withstand years of use.

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Kilim / Kelim / Khelim / Ghilim Rugs

Kilim rugs are a type of flat-woven rug that originated in the Middle East, North Africa, and Central Asia. They are known for their distinctive designs, bright colours, and intricate patterns.

Kilim rugs are made by tightly weaving warp and weft threads together to create a flat surface. They are usually made of wool but can also be made of cotton or silk. Because they are flat-woven, they have no pile or backing, which makes them thinner and more lightweight than traditional pile rugs.

One of the unique features of kilim rugs is their decorative designs, which often feature geometric patterns, bold colours, and intricate motifs. Many kilim designs are based on traditional tribal patterns, and some incorporate symbols and images that hold special meaning within their cultural context.

Kilim rugs have been traditionally used for a variety of purposes, including as prayer rugs, wall hangings, and floor coverings.

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Kilpatrick & Co.

Kilpatrick & Co. was a jewellery and watchmaking company founded in Melbourne, Australia, in 1853. The company was founded by John Kilpatrick, a Scottish immigrant who had previously worked as a jeweller in London. Kilpatrick was a skilled craftsman and jeweller, and he quickly built a reputation for his high-quality work.

The company's early years were focused on wholesale jewellery and watchmaking. Kilpatrick & Co. supplied jewellery and watches to retailers throughout Australia, and the company also exported its products to other countries. In 1855, the company opened a retail store in Melbourne, and the store quickly became a popular destination for wealthy customers.

In the late 19th century, Kilpatrick & Co. began to focus on manufacturing its own jewellery and watches and also became mathematical instrument makers, opticians and goldsmiths operating in Melbourne at various Collins Street addresses between 1876 and 1898.

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Kindjal (dagger)

A kindjal, also spelled "kinzhal" or "khanjar," is a type of short, curved dagger that originated in the Caucasus region of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. The word "kindjal" is derived from a Persian word that means "dagger" or "knife."

Kindjals typically have a blade that is between 8-16 inches long, with a distinctive curve that resembles a scimitar. The blade is usually single-edged and can be either sharp or blunt. The hilt of a kindjal is usually made of wood or bone and is often adorned with decorative silver or brass fittings.

Kindjals were traditionally used as both a weapon and a tool. They were commonly carried by soldiers and warriors, as well as by civilians for self-defense. In some cultures, kindjals were also used as part of traditional dress, worn as a symbol of status or as a decorative accessory.

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Kings Pattern

Kings pattern is a decorative design found on silver cutlery or flatware. It is one of the most popular and recognizable patterns and has been in use since the early 19th century.

The Kings Pattern design features a series of ornate scrolls and floral motifs that are typically arranged in a symmetrical pattern. The design is usually raised, or embossed, on the handle of the cutlery, and is often accented with a bright, polished finish.

Kings Pattern was originally created in the 1820s by the English silver manufacturer, George Adams, who was inspired by the ornate designs of the Baroque period. The pattern quickly became popular and was soon copied by other manufacturers in England and around the world.

In addition to its ornate design, Kings Pattern is also known for its versatility. The pattern is suitable for both formal and informal occasions and can be used with a variety of different table settings and decor styles.

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Kingsbury Manufacturing Co.

Kingsbury Manufacturing Co. was a toy company based in Keene, New Hampshire, that was active from the late 19th century to the mid-20th century. The company was founded in 1890 by Charles W. Kingsbury, who had previously worked for the nearby Hitchcock Chair Company.

Initially, Kingsbury Manufacturing Co. produced a variety of metal products, including buttons, clasps, and small tools. However, the company soon shifted its focus to the production of high-quality tin toys, which became its primary product line.

In the early 20th century, Kingsbury Manufacturing Co. gained a reputation for producing some of the finest and most innovative toys on the market. The company's products included mechanical banks, wind-up cars and trains, and other toys that were designed to move or make noise.

One of the company's most popular products was the "Kingsbury Special" train, a wind-up toy train that was known for its high level of detail and quality craftsmanship. The company also produced a line of toy automobiles that were prized for their realistic design and attention to detail.

During World War II, Kingsbury Manufacturing Co. shifted its production to support the war effort, producing items such as ammunition boxes and metal casings for radios. After the war, the company resumed its toy production, but faced increasing competition from cheaper, mass-produced toys made overseas.

In 1952, Kingsbury Manufacturing Co. was sold to the Wolverine Supply and Manufacturing Co. of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which continued to produce toys under the Kingsbury name for several more years before eventually ceasing production. Today, Kingsbury toys are highly prized by collectors for their quality and historical significance.

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Kingwood

View of a kingwood veneered cabinet with ormolu mounts, showing the colour and graining of the timber.

Kingwood, native to South America, is primarily found in Brazil and Uruguay. It is a type of hardwood that is known for its distinctive colour and beautiful grain patterns. The heartwood of the tree is a deep, rich purple-brown colour, while the sapwood is a pale yellow or cream colour. The wood often has dramatic striping or veining patterns, which can range from fine and delicate to bold and striking. It is a dense, heavy wood that is known for its durability and resistance to wear and tear. It is native to South America, and is primarily found in Brazil and Uruguay.

Because of its beauty and durability, kingwood has been highly prized for centuries. It was particularly popular during the Baroque and Rococo periods in Europe, when it was used extensively in the decoration of luxury furniture and other decorative objects. It is also used for decorative objects such as musical instruments and jewellery boxes.

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Kinji

In traditional Japanese lacquerware, a base layer of lacquer is applied to the object, and then powdered metal (usually gold or silver) is sprinkled onto the surface while the lacquer is still wet. This creates a textured surface that can be burnished to a high shine. The resulting finish is called "kinji," which literally means "golden ground" in Japanese.

Kinji is often used as a base for other decorative techniques in Japanese lacquerware, such as maki-e (a technique of sprinkling gold or silver powder onto the surface and then painting designs on top of it) or raden (a technique of inlaying pieces of mother-of-pearl or other shell into the lacquer surface).

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Kinkozan

Kinkozan is a name associated with a family of Japanese potters who produced ceramic wares in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Kinkozan family was based in Kyoto, Japan, and their work is known for its high quality and intricate decoration.

The founder of the Kinkozan family was Kinkozan Sobei VI, who started making pottery in the 1860s. Sobei VI was part of a long line of potters, and he passed on his skills to his son, Kinkozan Sobei VII, who continued the family tradition of producing high-quality ceramics.

The Kinkozan family is best known for their porcelain wares, which were often decorated with intricate designs and rich colors. Many of their pieces were made for export to Western countries, where they were highly valued for their quality and beauty.

The Kinkozan family also produced a range of other ceramic wares, including stoneware, earthenware, and Satsuma ware (a type of Japanese pottery that originated in the 16th century). Some of their most famous works include intricately decorated vases, plates, and teapots. The Kinkozan family continued to produce ceramics until 1927.

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Kinrande

"Kinrande" is a type of decoration that is often found on Japanese porcelain, especially on pieces that were made during the late Edo period (1603-1868) and the Meiji period (1868-1912). The term "kinrande" literally means "gold brocade," and it refers to a style of decoration that features gold paint or gilding in combination with bright colours.

The kinrande style typically involves the use of a red, blue, or green background colour, which is then decorated with gold motifs such as flowers, birds, or geometric shapes. The gold decoration is applied using a technique known as "moriage," which involves building up the design with layers of raised enamel or slip.

Kinrande decoration is often associated with the Arita region of Japan, which is known for its production of high-quality porcelain. Arita porcelain was first made in the early 17th century, and it quickly became popular both within Japan and for export to other countries. The kinrande style was especially popular during the late 19th century, when Japan began to produce large quantities of porcelain for export to the West. Some of the most valuable pieces are those that feature intricate and detailed gold decoration, as well as those that were made during the Edo or Meiji periods by well-known porcelain artists.

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Klismos Chair

A Thomas Chippendale Junior style Klismos chair.

The Klismos chair was originally developed by the ancient Greeks in the 5th century BC. The design with a rectangular curved back and concave tapeing legs was revived during the Regency period. Versions were made for the Earl of Harewood for the refurbished Entrance Hall at Harewood House, c. 1805.

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Klismos Style Chairs

The Klismos chair is a distinctive style of chair that was popular in ancient Greece during the 5th century BC. The Klismos chair typically features a curved backrest that wraps around the sides of the chair, and a similarly curved seat. The legs of the chair are splayed outwards, and they often feature a subtle taper towards the floor. The back legs of the chair are typically longer than the front legs, giving the chair a slight backwards tilt.

One of the most distinctive features of a Klismos armchair is its sweeping armrests, which curve gently outwards from the back of the chair and then turn sharply downward towards the front. The armrests are often carved with decorative motifs such as floral designs or animal figures.

The Klismos chair has been a source of inspiration for furniture designers throughout history, and it continues to be an important influence on contemporary furniture design.

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Knee

A cabochon-carved knee with scrolling ears.

The curved top of a cabriole leg, often carved.

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Kneehole

A recessed section, mainly found on Georgian desks and dressing tables, which does not go through the full depth of the item, and usually terminates in a cupboard at the back.

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Kneehole Desk

A type of small pedestal desk, in appearance not unlike a chest of drawers with a central recessed section enabling the user to draw a chair close to the writing surface. The recess was usually fitted with a cupboard. Kneehole desks date from the early Georgian period and usually have three drawers on either side of the kneehole and either one long or three short drawers across the top. There was some variation to this rule among 19th century pieces. Chests of drawers are very susceptible to conversion into kneehole desks, which are several times more valuable.

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Knibb Family of Clockmakers

The Knibb family of clockmakers were a prominent family of clockmakers who were active in England during the 17th and 18th centuries. The family is most well-known for their production of high-quality clocks and watches.

The most famous members of the Knibb family were Joseph Knibb (1640-1711) and his brother John Knibb (1650-1722). Both were born in Warrington, England, and became apprentices to their uncle, a clockmaker named Samuel Knibb. Joseph eventually settled in London, where he became a successful clockmaker and was appointed clockmaker to King Charles II in 1675. John, on the other hand, remained in Warrington and established his own successful clockmaking business.

The clocks produced by the Knibb family were known for their precision and quality of craftsmanship and were highly sought-after by the wealthy and aristocratic classes of England. Many of their clocks were also notable for their intricate and decorative designs, often featuring intricate mechanisms, ornate cases, and fine engravings.

Clocks made by the Knibb family are highly prized by collectors and are held by museums and private collections around the world. Their legacy as master clockmakers has earned them a place in the history of horology, and their contribution to the development of accurate timekeeping has had a lasting impact on the modern world.

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Knife Box / Cutlery Urn

Knife boxes would only have existed in the upper echelons of society in late 18th and early 19th centuries. There were two forms of knife or cutlery boxes made to designs by Adam, Hepplewhite, Sheraton and others. The more common form is a sloping mahogany box, serpentine shaped in front, with divisions for holding cutlery. The lid was generally inlaid with a star on the inside, but a cockleshell inlay on the outer surface will be a Victorian addition. The urn-shaped box with a lift up lid is much rarer. The urns were usually made to stand one on each end of a pedestal sideboard. Some knife boxes have had the divisions for knives removed, and been converted into stationery boxes.

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Knife Rests, Silver and Silver Plate

Knife rests have been used for centuries to keep cutlery clean and off the tablecloth during meals. In the 19th century, silver and plated knife rests became popular as dining etiquette and table manners became more refined.

Silver knife rests were made in various styles and designs, from simple and elegant to ornate and elaborate. Some were made in the shape of animals, such as fish or swans, while others were more abstract or geometric in design. Silver knife rests were often made by skilled silversmiths, and some were even personalized with monograms or crests.

Plated knife rests were a more affordable option for those who could not afford silver. Plated knife rests were made by coating a base metal, such as copper or brass, with a layer of silver through a process known as electroplating. Plated knife rests were also made in a variety of styles and designs, and some were even made to resemble silver knife rests.

During the 19th century, silver and plated knife rests became popular not only in the upper classes but also among the growing middle class. They were often sold in sets of six or eight and were considered an essential part of a well-appointed dining table.

Silver and plated knife rests are still used by some people for formal occasions or for display, but their use has largely fallen out of fashion in modern times.

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Knife Sharpeners and Grinders

Some Victorian and Edwardian table knives were made of iron or steel, which turned black after use. To solve this problem, knife grinders and sharpeners were invented.

They were cased in wood or iron plate and had a winding handle. The blades were inserted through slots and sandwiched between pads impregnated with fine carborundum. By turning the handle, the stains were removed.

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Knole Settee

A Knole settee is a settee with a high back and hinged arms which can be adjusted so they are upright, on an angle, or lying flat, in which position it becomes a daybed. It was named after a settee of this design made for Knole, a palace near Sevenoaks, Kent c 1605-20. The style became popular again amongst the well-to-do in the 1920s and 1930s.

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Knole Settees

The history of Knole settees can be traced back to the 17th century in England, and the name "Knole" is derived from Knole House, a stately home in Kent, England, which was owned by the Sackville family from the 15th century until the mid-20th century. It is believed that the original Knole settee was designed for Knole House during the reign of King James I in the early 1600s.

The settee was originally designed as a type of upholstered bench or sofa with high sides and a back that could be folded down, creating a more lounging-friendly seating position. The settee was initially used as a piece of furniture for formal reception rooms and grand hallways. It was typically made of oak and covered in velvet or other luxurious fabrics, and its high back and sides provided a measure of privacy for the sitters. The settee's design was also very versatile, as the adjustable sides allowed it to be used as a comfortable bed for guests.

The Knole settee grew in popularity throughout the 17th and 18th centuries, and it was frequently featured in portraits of the time, often depicted as a symbol of wealth and status. The settee continued to evolve in design over the years, with variations including cabriole legs and more ornate carvings.

In the early 20th century, Knole settees experienced a revival in popularity as part of the Arts & Crafts movement. Interior designers such as Syrie Maugham and Nancy Lancaster helped to popularize the settee as a stylish and practical piece of furniture for modern living. While the design has evolved over the centuries, the essence of the original Knole settee remains, with its comfortable yet stylish design, high sides and back, and timeless beauty.

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Knoll Associates

Knoll Associates is a furniture design and manufacturing company based in New York City, founded in 1938 by Hans and Florence Knoll. Hans Knoll began his career in the furniture industry in Germany, where his family owned a furniture factory. He immigrated to the United States in the 1930s and founded Knoll Associates with his wife Florence, who was also a talented furniture designer.

During the 1940s, Knoll Associates produced furniture designs that were simple, functional, and modern, inspired by the work of designers such as Mies van der Rohe and Marcel Breuer. The company's first major success was the production of chairs designed by Finnish architect Eero Saarinen in the 1940s, including the iconic "Tulip" chair.

In the 1950s and 1960s, Knoll Associates continued to expand its range of products, working with designers such as Harry Bertoia, Warren Platner, and Richard Schultz to create new and innovative furniture designs. The company's focus on functional, modern design appealed to architects and designers, and its products were featured in many iconic buildings of the era, including the Seagram Building in New York and the UNESCO headquarters in Paris.

In the 1970s and 1980s, Knoll Associates continued to innovate, introducing new materials such as fiberglass and polyester resin into its designs. The company also expanded its business to include office furniture and other products for commercial interiors.

Knoll Associates is now a global company with a wide range of furniture and design products, including seating, tables, desks, storage, and lighting. The company continues to work with some of the most talented designers in the industry, and its products are sold in showrooms and retail stores around the world.

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Knop

In Georgian glassware, the knop is a bulbous protrusion, usually midway up the stem of the glass. It may be included singly or in groups, and may be hollow or solid. There are many styles of knop including basal, baluster, bell, acorn, cone, flattened, melon and mushroom.

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Knop (ceramics)

In ceramics, a knop is a protuberance on the top of an object, and can be either decorative, or used as a knob to lift the item.

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Knop (glass)

In Georgian glassware, the knop is a bulbous protrusion, usually midway up the stem of the glass. It may be included singly or in groups, and may be hollow or solid. There are many styles of knop including basal, baluster, bell, acorn, cone, flattened, melon and mushroom.

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Knop (silver)

A knop on a silver item is either a bulbous protrusion mid way along a stem, such as on a candlestick or at the end of a stem, such as on a spoon, or a knob or finial on top of a cover or lid, that acts as a handle. On a stemmed item such as a candlestick there may be a series of knops of different shapes.

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Kodansu

A Japanese kodansu is a small decorative storage chest or box that was typically used in the Edo period (1603-1868) to store personal belongings or small valuables, such as letters, documents, money, or pieces of jewelry. Kodansu can be made from a variety of materials, such as wood, lacquer, metal, or ceramic, and are often adorned with intricate designs and decorations.

Kodansu were popular among the middle and upper classes in Japan during the Edo period, and were often given as gifts or used as part of a dowry. They were also used by geishas and courtesans to store their personal items and accessories, and as such, were sometimes referred to as "tay?bako" or "tay? chests."

The design of kodansu is often highly detailed and ornate, with intricate carvings or inlays, and may feature motifs from nature, such as flowers, birds, or animals. Some kodansu were also designed to be portable, with handles or straps attached, making them convenient for travel or for carrying personal items.

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Kogo

A Japanese kogo is a small lidded container used for holding incense during the traditional Japanese tea ceremony. Kogo can be made from a variety of materials, including ceramic, lacquerware, and metal, and are often highly decorative, featuring intricate designs or patterns.

Kogo are typically small, measuring just a few inches in diameter, and are designed to hold a small amount of powdered incense, known as "ko." During the tea ceremony, the kogo is passed around to the guests, who take turns inhaling the fragrance of the incense as a way to enhance their enjoyment of the tea and to appreciate the beauty of the kogo itself.

Some kogo are designed by famous artists or craftsmen and can command high prices at auction. In addition to their use in the tea ceremony, kogo are also sometimes used as decorative objects or as containers for small personal items, such as jewellery or trinkets.

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Kosta Boda

A Kosta, Sweden, 'Trees in the Mist' vase, designed by Vicke Lindstrand, c. 1951, coloured glass, signed with acid stamp to underside.

The Kosta Glassworks (Kosta Glasbruk) were founded in Sweden in 1742 and are the earliest glassworks still in operation in Sweden. The name was derived from the last names of the two founders, Anders Koskull, and Georg Bogoslaus Stael von Holstein, giving "Ko-Sta"

It's early production was utilitarian items including window glass, and later chandeliers, wine and beer glasses.

Kosta began producing art glass after 1897 and the company won awards at the 'Celebration of Electricity' fair in Paris in 1900. The designers who worked for Kosta were instrumental in creating the styles of the Swedish Arts & Craft Movement, and displaying the quality of Scandinavian glass designs around this time.

In the 1950's Vicke Lindstrand, who had previously worked for Orrefors, joined Kosta as artistic director, where he remained until 1973. As artistic director he was able to influence the design philosophy of Kosta, and during his employment more and more colour was introduced into the Kosta designs.

Other well known Kosta designers include Goran Warff, Monika Backstrom, Ulrica Hydman-Vallien and Bertil Vallien and examples of their work appear frequently at auction.

In 1970 the Kosta company merged with three other glassworks: Boda, founded in 1864, Afors founded in 1896 and Johansfors founded in 1891 under the name AB Åforsgruppen.

In 1976 the company name was changed to Kosta Boda and since 1989, has been part of the Orrefors Kosta Boda group. In 1992 the Johansfors glassworks was bought by a group of former employees and is no longer a part of the Kosta Boda group.

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Kovsh / Kovsch

A kovsh is a traditional Russian drinking vessel or ladle, often used for serving and consuming wine or other beverages. Kovshes are typically made of silver or other precious metals, and are often highly decorative, featuring intricate engravings or embossing.

Kovshes were commonly used in Russian households in the 17th and 18th centuries, and were often given as gifts or used in ceremonial settings. They are characterized by their elongated, curved handles, which are often elaborately decorated, and by their shallow, bowl-shaped cups, which are typically wide and flared at the edges. They are often associated with the ornate, decorative style of Russian art and design known as "Old Russian," which flourished during the reign of the Tsars. Many kovshes feature depictions of Russian folklore or history, as well as religious or patriotic motifs.

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Kozan Ceramics

Kozan ceramics is a style of Japanese ceramics that was developed by the potter Miyagawa Kozan (1842-1916) in the late 19th century. Kozan was born in Kyoto, Japan, and studied under his father, Chozo Makuzu, who was a well-known potter. In 1870, Kozan moved to Yokohama, Japan, where he established a kiln and began producing ceramics for export.

Kozan's early work was influenced by Satsuma ware, a style of Japanese ceramics that was popular in the West at the time. Satsuma ware is characterized by its brightly colored enamels and gilding. Kozan's work in this style was highly regarded, and he was awarded a number of prizes at international exhibitions.

In the mid-1870s, Kozan began to experiment with new techniques and styles. He developed a new type of glaze that was known for its rich colors and translucent quality. He also began to produce high-relief sculptures, which were a departure from the traditional Japanese style of ceramics.

Kozan's later work was influenced by Chinese and European ceramics. He incorporated elements of these styles into his own work, creating a unique and innovative style of ceramics. Kozan's work was highly praised by critics and collectors alike, and he is considered one of the most important potters in Japanese history.

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Kozminsky

Kozminsky was a Melbourne-based jewellery retailer that was founded in 1851 by Simon Kozminsky, a Polish immigrant. The company was one of the oldest and most respected jewellery retailers in Australia, and it had a long history of providing high-quality jewellery to its customers.

Kozminsky originally opened its doors on Elizabeth Street in Melbourne, and it quickly became a popular destination for both locals and tourists. The company's reputation for quality and craftsmanship soon spread, and it began to attract a number of high-profile customers, including members of the Australian aristocracy and the Melbourne Cricket Club.

In 1910, Kozminsky moved to its final location on Collins Street, which is one of the most prestigious shopping streets in Melbourne. The company's new location allowed it to expand its range of products and services, and it also became a popular destination for celebrities and other VIPs.

In 1969 Kurt Albrecht, a Kozminsky employee purchased the business and on his death, his daughter Kirsten took over the family business. In 2017, after forty years of working in the business, Kirsten made the decision to close the store and sell the remaining stock at auction. Hundreds flocked to the auction, eager to acquire a piece of Melbourne history, and it became the most valuable single-owner jewellery auction ever held in Australia.

Kozminsky was a Melbourne institution, and a popular destination for both locals and tourists, having a long history of providing high-quality jewellery to its customers.

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Kpm Porcelain

The Königliche Porzellan-Manufaktur, (Royal Porcelain Factory) or KPM, was founded in 1763 by King Frederick II of Prussia. The factory was established in the Berlin suburb of Charlottenburg with the goal of creating high-quality porcelain to rival the products of other European manufacturers, particularly those from France. The first director of the factory was Johann Ernst Gotzkowsky, who had experience in the porcelain industry and helped to establish KPM as a significant player in the market.

In the early years of KPM, the factory produced a wide range of porcelain products, including dinnerware, vases, and figurines. The factory quickly gained a reputation for its high-quality products, which were distinguished by their fine white clay and elaborate decoration.

In the early 19th century, KPM began to experiment with new techniques for producing porcelain, including the use of moulds and advanced firing processes. The factory also began to produce more decorative pieces, such as ornate vases and sculptures, which were often inspired by classical art and architecture.

During the mid-19th century, KPM produced a series of porcelain plaques depicting famous works of art, which were highly sought after by collectors. The factory also began to produce figurines of animals and people, including a popular series of figures depicting characters from the Commedia dell'arte.

In the early 20th century, KPM continued to produce a wide range of porcelain products, including modernist designs by artists such as Peter Behrens and Hermann Muthesius. The factory also began to produce more affordable products, such as dishes and other tableware, which were designed for everyday use.

During World War II, KPM suffered significant damage, and many of its workers were killed or sent to concentration camps. After the war, the factory was rebuilt and modernized, and it continued to produce porcelain until the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989.

Today, KPM is still in operation, the company continues to produce a wide range of porcelain products, including modern designs as well as reproductions of classic KPM pieces.

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Kraak Style Porcelain

Japanese and Chinese Kraak style porcelain were produced during the late 16th and early 17th centuries. The term "Kraak" comes from the Dutch word for "carrack," a type of large Portuguese trading vessel that was used to transport porcelain and other goods from China to Europe.

Kraak style porcelain is characterized by its blue and white decoration, which features elaborate designs of flowers, birds, and other natural motifs. The patterns are often framed by geometric borders, which are sometimes reminiscent of European heraldic shields. The porcelain itself is typically thin and delicate, with a translucent quality that allows light to pass through the body of the vessel.

The main difference between Japanese and Chinese Kraak style porcelain is their origin. Chinese Kraak porcelain was made in the late Ming dynasty and early Qing dynasty, and was exported to Europe in large quantities. Japanese Kraak porcelain, on the other hand, was produced during the late 16th and early 17th centuries and was heavily influenced by the Chinese Kraak porcelain. Japanese Kraak porcelain is generally less well-known than its Chinese counterpart, but it is still highly prized.

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Krater

An ancient Apulian terracotta bell krater, decorated with female profile to one side and a female musician to the other, on a black ground.

A Greek krater is a large vessel that was used in ancient Greece for mixing wine and water. The word "krater" comes from the Greek word "kraino," which means "to mix." In ancient Greece it was considered bad form to drink undiluted wine.

Kraters were used in symposia, or Greek drinking parties, where they were placed in the centre of the room and used to mix wine with water. The mixture was then poured into individual cups and served to the guests.

Kraters were often elaborately decorated with scenes from mythology or daily life, and could be made from a variety of materials, including ceramic, bronze, and marble.

There were several different types of kraters in ancient Greece, and they can be grouped according to the shape of the two handles, or of the vessel itself:

  • A Volute krater has handles shaped like the volutes on an Ionic capital, whereas a column krater has columnar handles.
  • A calyx krater is shaped flower bud, while a bell krater is shaped like a bell.
Kraters were an important part of Greek social and cultural life, and their decoration and style evolved over time as Greek art and society changed.

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Kris

A small kris with pistol grip handle, lacquered snake shaped blade and fine wooden sheath.

A kris is a traditional dagger with a wavy blade, associated with Indonesia, but also found in Malaysia, Thailand, Brunei and Singapore.

It is considered to be both a weapon and a spiritual object, and krises are often considered to posses magical powers.

The kris has three parts: the handle, the sheath and the blade, and each can possess special characteristics that enhance its value and appeal to collectors.

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Kuba Rigs and Carpets



Kuba rugs and carpets are handmade textiles that originate from the Kuba region in the South Caucasus, which is located in present-day Azerbaijan. Kuba is a historically rich and diverse region, and its textiles reflect the influence of the many different cultures that have lived there over the centuries.



The history of Kuba rugs and carpets dates back several centuries, with some estimates suggesting that they were first produced as early as the 16th century. These textiles were made by local weavers using wool, silk, or a combination of both, and they were often highly ornate and decorative, featuring intricate geometric patterns and bold, vibrant colors.



Kuba rugs and carpets were highly prized by collectors and traders throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, and they were exported to markets around the world. Their popularity was due in part to their unique design and high quality craftsmanship, but also to the fact that they were relatively affordable compared to other types of handmade carpets and rugs from the Middle East and Central Asia.



Over time, the designs and techniques used to make Kuba rugs and carpets evolved, with weavers experimenting with new colors, patterns, and materials.

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Kufic Script

Kufic script is an Arabic script that was first developed in the city of Kufa, Iraq in the 7th century. It is one of the oldest forms of Arabic calligraphy and is characterized by its angular, geometric shapes and its lack of diacritical marks, such as vowel signs.

Kufic script was widely used for writing religious texts, including the Quran, and was also used for inscriptions on public buildings and monuments throughout the Islamic world. Its simple, bold design made it easy to read from a distance, and its geometric patterns and shapes were seen as a reflection of the order and harmony of the universe.

Kufic script is still used in Islamic calligraphy and design, and it remains an important part of Islamic art and culture. Its bold, geometric design has also influenced modern graphic design and typography.

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Kukri

The kukri is a knife or small sword, with an inward curving blade used by the Nepalese both as a weapon, a tool and in ceremonies. It is the traditional weapon of the Gurkha soldiers. They are usually about 40 cm long, but a sacrificial kukri was sold in Sydney in 2013 that was 73 cm long.

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Kuramochi

Kuramochi Shoten (also known as CK) was a Japanese toy company founded in Tokyo in 1920. The company specialized in a wide range of tin, lead, and celluloid toys, including automobiles, airplanes, trains, boats, animals, and dolls. Kuramochi toys were known for their high quality and imaginative designs. The company exported toys to the United States and the United Kingdom, and had trademarks registered in those countries. Kuramochi toys were also popular in Japan, and were featured in magazines and newspapers. The company continued to operate until the 1950s.

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Kurt Ostervig

Kurt Ejvind Ostervig was born in Odense, Denmark, in 1912. He was originally trained and worked as a shipbuilding engineer, but by the 1930s he shifted to furniture design because of his passion for woodworking. Ostervig's career as a furniture designer began at E. Knudsen's architectural design studio in Odense. In 1947, he opened his first own studio as a freelance furniture designer, with a focus on modern design. In the following decades, he worked with many of the leading Scandinavian furniture producers of the period.

Ostervig was exceptionally versatile, designing furniture for hotels, cinemas, and won numerous design competitions during his career. He won awards at the Milan Triennale in 1953 and 1960. In the 1960s, one of Ostervig's designs was selected for an exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. Ostervig had a flair for the dramatic, infusing his furnishings with unique elements that stood out. From elegant, organic to coarse and purely functional furniture, his versatility earned him recognition.

Some of Ostervig's most famous designs include:

•    The Model 72 chair (1953): A sculptural and comfortable chair with a curved back and seat.

•    The Model 74 table (1954): A sleek and elegant table with a glass top and chrome legs.

•    The Model 76 sideboard (1955): A large and functional sideboard with a combination of wood and glass.

•    The Model 78 chair (1956): A simple and comfortable chair with a curved back and seat.

•    The Model 80 sofa (1957): A spacious and comfortable sofa with a curved back and arms.

Ostervig continued to design furniture until his death in 1991. He is considered one of the most important Danish furniture designers of the 20th century.

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Kutani Ware

A large Japanese Kutani porcelain vase depicting traditional Samurai fighting scenes late 19th century, signed Kutani and other character marks to base.

It is believed that Kutani ware was first manufactured in what was the Kaga Province of Japan in the seventeenth century, supposedly inspired by the techniques used at Arita.

However production of Kutani ware ceased towards the end of the 17th century, and it was not until the 19th century that production was revived.

The objects produced during the short period of about 60 years that the kilns were in production in the 17th century are called ko Kutani, but objects from this period rarely appear on the market. The items sold as Kutani, also known as Kaga-style wares, are from the 19th century.

The colours used included a brownish red, muddy yellow and intense green, on a greyish ground.

Many different porcelain products were made, mostly for the Western market, including tea and coffee sets, dishes, bowls, incense burners and small decorative items.

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Kutchinsky

The Kutchinsky jewellery house was founded in 1893 by Hirsch Kutchinsky, who fled Poland with his family and settled in London's East End. The family had a long history of jewellery making, having served as jewellers to the court of Ludwig of Bavaria. Hirsch and his son, Morris, quickly established a reputation for their high-quality jewels, designed using platinum and diamonds, and reflecting the current motifs of the era. In 1928, Hirsch's son Joseph joined the firm, and the three of them continued to build the business.

Kutchinsky jewellery became known for its extravagant, theatrical, and exuberant designs. The pieces were often large and bold, with a mix of diamonds, coloured gemstones, and enamel. The firm also specialized in animal and bird motifs, which were rendered in 18ct yellow gold and gem-set or coloured with enamel. Kutchinsky jewellery was popular with celebrities and fashion icons, including Elizabeth Taylor, Audrey Hepburn, and Marlene Dietrich. The firm also received several awards for its designs, including the De Beers Diamond International Award in 1965.

Kutchinsky remained in business until the early 1990s. The firm's archives are now held by the Victoria and Albert Museum in London.

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Kylin or Qilin

A rare glazed stoneware Qilin, probably Jin Dynasty, 1115/1234.

A kylin or qilin is a mythical Chinese animal, dating back to the 5th century with the head of a dragon, the body of a deer and the tail of a lion. It is a regarded as a good omen bringing serenity and prosperity, and is said to appear with the coming or departure of a wise sage or illustrious ruler.

It is also part of the culture of Korea and Japan.

As well as being represented in bronze and jade, it is also used as a decorative motif on ceramics.

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Kylix

A Greek Apulian red figure kylix, Southern Italy, circa 4th century BC, the tondo with painted figure of a swan encircled by laurel leaves.

A kylix is an ancient Greek pottery vessel, with a wide shallow cup usually with tow handles, on a stem with a foot. The interior of the cup, called the tondo provided an almost flat surface for painted decoration.

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Kyosho Corporation

Kyosho Corporation is a Japanese company that specialises in the design and manufacture of radio-controlled (radio controlled) cars, helicopters, airplanes, and other hobby-related products.

Kyosho Corporation was founded in 1963 by Hisashi Suzuki in Tokyo, Japan. The company started as a distributor of radio-controlled model cars and quickly became known for its high-quality and innovative products. In its early years, Kyosho focused on importing and distributing radio controlled models from overseas manufacturers. However, it soon began to design and manufacture its own line of radio controlled cars and accessories.

The company has been at the forefront of radio controlled technology innovation. In 1971, they introduced the first radio controlled car with a true suspension system, revolutionizing the industry. They continued to develop innovative products, including the first radio controlled car with a two-speed transmission and the introduction of nitro-powered engines for radio controlled cars.

Over the years, Kyosho expanded its product lineup to include a wide range of radio controlled vehicles, including off-road and on-road cars, trucks, helicopters, and airplanes. They also ventured into other hobby-related areas, such as model kits and die-cast collectibles. Kyosho gained a strong global presence, with distribution and manufacturing facilities in various countries. They established subsidiaries and partnerships in Europe, North America, and Asia to cater to the growing demand for their products.

Kyosho has entered into partnerships and collaborations with other major companies in the radio controlled and hobby industry. They have also acquired other companies to expand their product offerings and capabilities. As well, Kyosho has continued to innovate and develop cutting-edge radio controlled technology. They have introduced advanced features such as brushless motors, digital proportional control systems, and advanced gyro stabilization in their products.

Kyosho Corporation remains a prominent player in the radio controlled hobby industry, continually releasing new products and innovations to cater to the evolving needs and preferences of hobbyists.

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Kyoto Potteries

Pottery and ceramics produced in the city of Kyoto, Japan for over 1200 years, and the region is known for producing a wide range of ceramics, from traditional tea ware to contemporary art pieces.

Kyoto's ceramics tradition began with the production of roof tiles and other building materials during the Heian period (794-1185). Over time, potters began to experiment with different techniques and materials, and the region became known for its unique styles and designs. During the Edo period (1603-1868), Kyoto became a centre for the production of tea utensils and other ceramic wares, and this tradition has continued to the present day.

Some of the most famous types of Kyoto pottery include Kiyomizu ware, which is named after the Kiyomizu Temple in Kyoto and is known for its delicate, translucent glazes and intricate designs, and Raku ware, which was developed by the Raku family of potters in the 16th century and is known for its irregular shapes and bold, simple designs.

Other types of Kyoto pottery include Shigaraki ware, which is known for its rustic, unglazed surfaces and earthy colors, and Kutani ware, which is known for its bold, colorful designs and intricate patterns.

Kyoto's pottery tradition is still thriving, with many potters and ceramic artists producing works that blend traditional techniques with modern designs and materials. Kyoto is also home to a number of pottery museums and galleries, which showcase the rich history and cultural significance of this important art form.

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