Learn about antiques and collectables...
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Learn about and understand the items, manufacturers, designers and periods as well as the specialist terms used in describing antiques and collectables. Either click one of the letters below to list the items beginning with that letter, or click on a category on the left side of the screen to list the items under that category.
D'argental
Saint-Louis Glass (Compagnie des Cristalleries de Saint Louis) is one of the oldest and most prestigious glassworks in France. It was founded in 1733 in the village of Munzthal, which was renamed Saint-Louis in 1767. The Saint-Louis glassworks quickly became known for its high-quality glassware, which was popular with the French aristocracy and royal court.
In 1924, Saint-Louis began producing a new type of glass called cameo glass. Cameo glass is a type of layered glass where different coloured layers are carved away to reveal the underlying layers, creating intricate designs. Saint-Louis's cameo glass was immediately popular, and the company adopted the brand name D'Argental for its cameo glass products.
D'Argental cameo glass is known for its high quality and craftsmanship. The glass is made with a variety of different colours, and the designs are often very complex and intricate. D'Argental cameo glass has been used to create a wide range of objects, including vases, bowls, glasses, lamps, and jewellery.
Some of the most famous D'Argental cameo glass designers include Paul Nicolas, René Lalique, and Emile Gallé. Their work is highly prized by collectors today.
D'Argental cameo glass was produced by Saint-Louis until the late 20th century. The company is still in operation today, and it produces a wide range of high-quality glassware.
Daguerreotype
The first photographic image was achieved in 1814 by Frenchman Joseph Niepce, with first photographic with the camera obscura, an optical device that projects an image onto a screen. However, the image required eight hours of light exposure and later faded.
Joseph Niepce continued working on improving his invention Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre, an artist. Niepce died in 1833, but Daguerre carried on, and at a meeting of the French Academy of Sciences in Paris on August 19, 1839 announced he had discovered a new method of photography, the daguerreotype which he named after himself. The daguerreotype process reduced the exposure time from 8 hours to 3 - 15 minutes.
In major cities, professional photographers of the time, known as daguerreotypists, invited celebrities and political figures to their studios, hoping that by displaying a selection of portraits in their windows, the public would be encouraged to be photographed.
However the popularity of the daguerreotype was short-lived, and its use declined in the late 1850s when the ambrotype, a faster and less expensive photographic process, became available. However the ambrotype still required the services of a professional photographer and it was not until the invention of Kodak's Box Brownie in 1900 that the public were able to shoot their own photographs.
Due to the short time (20 years) that the daguerreotype was popular, and the fact that the image was produced directly onto the plate, meaning there were no negatives, original daguerreotypes are scarce. Most daguerreotypes are portraits, with landscapes and street scenes being less less common.
Daguerreotype
A daguerreotype is an early type of photograph that was developed in the early 19th century by French inventor Louis Daguerre. It is a highly detailed, direct positive image on a silvered copper plate. The process of creating a daguerreotype involved exposing a sensitized plate to light, which would then be developed and fixed to create a highly detailed and unique image.
Daguerreotypes were the first commercially successful form of photography and were popular in the mid-19th century. The process was relatively simple, but the equipment was bulky and expensive, and required a long exposure time, making it difficult to photograph people or moving objects. Daguerreotypes were typically used to photograph landscapes, still life, and architecture.
Daguerreotypes are unique images, as each plate could only produce one positive image, so reproductions were not possible. They are highly detailed, with a mirror-like surface and a unique tonal range. They are also fragile, as they are made of metal, they can be scratched, tarnished or tarnished, and it is not possible to remove the tarnish.
Daisy Merton
Daisy Merton was an Australian potter who lived from 1889 to 1972. She is best known for her work as a studio potter, creating beautiful and functional ceramic pieces that are highly sought after by collectors today.
She was born in England, but moved to Australia in the early 1900s and began her career as an artist in the 1920s, working in a variety of media including painting, drawing, and sculpture. However, it was her work in ceramics that would make her name.
Merton's pottery work was heavily influenced by the Arts and Crafts movement, which emphasized the importance of traditional craftsmanship and design. She was particularly inspired by the work of Bernard Leach, a British potter who played a major role in the development of studio pottery in the early 20th century.
Merton began making and decorating pottery in the 1930s, and developed a reputation for her skill and artistry. Her pieces were known for their simplicity and elegance, with clean lines and subtle glazes that highlighted the natural beauty of the clay.
Daisy Merton continued to work as a potter well into her 80s, creating beautiful pieces until her death in 1972.
Daisy Ware
Daisy Ware pottery was a home-based pottery established by Irene Daisy Lucas (1908-2000) in 1960 in in Sylvania in New South Wales, after she had worked at Koala Pottery. She made a range of slipcast functional wares decorated with Australian flora in vivid colours or with lustre glazes and some wheel-thrown and sculptured pieces. She opened a shop in 1962 in Blakehurst and then moved to a property near Mittagong, New South Wales. She continued making pottery, passing away in 2000.
Daiya
Daiya was a Japanese toy manufacturer founded in Tokyo in the mid-1950s. Their trademark was the letters "DAIYA" in a diamond shape. Daiya produced a wide range of tin toys, including civilian vehicles, space vehicles, robots, and other space-related toys. Many of their toys were battery-operated and had multi-functional features, such as operating lights and sounds.
Daiya's toys were popular in both Japan and export markets. They were known for their high quality and innovative designs. Some of Daiya's most popular toys included the Space Gun 577001, a brightly-colored metal toy gun that came with four projectiles that could be shot via the mechanism in the toy; Construction Crane, a battery-operated tin toy crane had a working hook and pulley system that could be used to lift and move objects and the Robot Walkie Talkie, a battery-operated robot toy could walk and talk and had a flashing light on its head.
Daiya's toys were produced until the late 1970s, when the company ceased operations, although the exact reason for Daiya's closure is unknown, but it is likely due to a combination of factors, such as rising production costs and increased competition from other Japanese toy manufacturers.
Daiya's toys are a reminder of the golden age of Japanese tin toy manufacturing.
Damascene
Damascening is a technique used to decorate metal objects, such as swords, armor, and other metalwork, by inlaying different colored metals into grooves that have been etched or engraved into the surface of the metal. The technique is believed to have originated in Damascus, Syria, and was later adopted by other cultures such as the Japanese, Indians and Iranians.
The process typically involves etching a design into the surface of the metal, and then filling the grooves with a contrasting metal, such as gold or silver. The inlaid metal is then burnished to create a smooth surface, and the design is polished to a high shine. Damascening can create intricate and highly detailed designs, and is often used to decorate weapons, as well as jewellery, and other decorative objects.
Damask
Damask is a type of fabric that is characterized by its glossy finish, smooth texture, and intricate designs. The fabric is typically made from a combination of silk and other natural fibers, such as cotton or linen, and is often used to make clothing, upholstery, and other decorative items.
The origins of damask fabric can be traced back to ancient Rome and the Byzantine Empire, where it was used to make clothing and other textiles.
The fabric is made by weaving the fabric in such a way that the design is created by the different reflectivity of the warp and weft threads, rather than by the use of dyed threads. The designs are often floral or geometric patterns and can be very intricate. The effect is a reversible fabric, with a glossy pattern on one side and a matte pattern on the other.
Dame Lucie Rie
Dame Lucie Rie was born in Vienna, Austria in 1902 and received her education from the Vienna Gymnasium and the Arts and Crafts School. Her early ceramic pieces were influenced by a variety of styles, including late Neoclassicism, Jugendstil, modernism, and Japonism. In 1938, Rie fled to England to escape persecution and during World War II, she made and sold fine ceramic buttons to survive. In 1947, she was joined in her studio by Hans Coper, who was also a German-born artist.
Rie's innovative slip-glaze surface treatment and kiln processing techniques influenced a whole generation of younger British ceramists. Her work was renowned for its simplicity, precision, and elegance, often created through the use of "finger wiping" to achieve subtle surface textures. She was also known for her experimentation with glazes, producing a wide range of striking and subtle colours.
Rie held her first solo exhibition as a potter in 1949, and her work was showcased in the Arts Council Retrospective of 1967. She exhibited alongside Coper in Rotterdam in 1967 and Hamburg in 1972, and was the focus of major exhibitions in Düsseldorf, West Germany, in 1978, as well as at Sainsbury Place and the Victoria and Albert Museum in London in 1981-82. Rie was made a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1991 in recognition of her contributions to the field of ceramics.
She continued working in her studio until her death at age 93 in 1995. Rie's unique style and contributions to the world of ceramics have made her work highly sought after by collectors and have earned her representation in major museums and galleries around the world, including the Victoria and Albert Museum in London and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.
Dame Nellie Melba
Dame Nellie Melba was an Australian opera singer who became one of the most famous sopranos of her time. She was born Helen Porter Mitchell on May 19, 1861, in Richmond, Victoria, Australia.
Melba grew up in a musical family and showed a natural talent for singing from an early age. She studied music in Melbourne and later in Paris, where she made her debut as an opera singer in 1887. She quickly gained a reputation as one of the most talented singers of her generation and was known for her beautiful voice and commanding stage presence.
Melba became a global superstar and performed in some of the world's most famous opera houses, including the Royal Opera House in London and the Metropolitan Opera in New York. She was particularly renowned for her performances of works by composers such as Verdi, Puccini, and Wagner.
Melba was also known for her philanthropic work and was involved in a number of charitable organizations throughout her career. She was awarded the title of Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1918 for her services to music and charity.
In addition to her career as a singer, Melba was also a successful businesswoman and investor. She owned several properties and invested in a number of companies, including the Australian radio industry.
Melba retired from performing in 1926 but continued to be involved in the music industry, mentoring young singers and supporting the development of opera in Australia. She passed away on February 23, 1931, in St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, at the age of 69. Melba is remembered as one of the greatest opera singers of all time and is celebrated as an Australian icon.
Damiani Group
The Italian jewellery company Damiani Group was founded in 1924 by Enrico Grassi Damiani in Valenza Po, Italy, a town known for its goldsmithing tradition. Enrico was a skilled craftsman who began his career by making gold chains. He later expanded his business to include other types of jewellery, such as rings, bracelets, and necklaces.
In the 1950s, Damiani Group began to export its jewellery to other countries, and it quickly became one of the most popular Italian jewellery brands in the world. In the 1960s and 1970s, Damiani Group continued to grow and expand its business. The company opened new stores in Italy and around the world, and it launched new jewellery collections. Damiani Group also began to produce jewellery for famous fashion designers, such as Versace and Dolce & Gabbana.
In the 1980s and 1990s, Damiani Group continued to innovate and produce new jewellery designs. The company also launched new marketing campaigns that featured celebrities and supermodels. Damiani Group's jewellery became increasingly popular with celebrities and fashion icons, and it was featured in magazines and fashion shows around the world.
Damiani Group remains a family owned company and one of the leading Italian jewellery companies. The company has over 80 stores in Italy and around the world, and its jewellery is sold in over 70 countries. Damiani Group's jewellery is known for its high quality, craftsmanship, and elegant designs.
Danbury Mint
The Danbury Mint was founded in Westport, Connecticut, by Ralph Glendinning and Ted Stanley in 1969, as a subsidiary of Glendinning Companies. Their first product was a series of medals commemorating the Apollo 11 moon landing. The Danbury Mint has since created many commemorative items—figurines, collector plates, dolls, die-cast cars, etc. —based on historical events and people. Examples include, Shirley Temple, Princess Diana, Barack Obama's inauguration, Corvettes, Hummel figurines, and gold Christmas ornaments.
In the early 1980s, the Danbury Mint was one of the fastest-growing companies in the United States. However, the company's growth slowed in the late 1980s and early 1990s, as the collectable market declined. In 1991, the Danbury Mint filed for bankruptcy protection. The company emerged from bankruptcy in 1992, and has since continued to operate as a successful collectables company.
The Danbury Mint remains a leading manufacturer and marketer of high-quality collectables. The company offers a wide variety of products, including figurines, collector plates, dolls, die-cast cars, and jewellery. The Danbury Mint's products are sold through a variety of channels, including direct mail, catalogs, and retail stores.
The Danbury Mint remains a well-respected company with a long history of providing high-quality collectables.
Dangar, Anne
Anne Dangar was born at Kempsey, NSW in 1885 and studied painting at Julian Ashton’s School in Sydney and between 1927 and 1928 at the Academie Lhote, in Paris.
She re-visited Sydney from 1928 to 1930 but returned and settled permanently in France. Living in the commune which Albert Gleizes had established at Moly-Sabata in 1927, Anne Dangar learnt pottery and in 1948 or 1949 established her own workshop at Moly-Sabata.
Just before the outbreak of the second world war Anne Dangar spent six months in Morocco potting with local artisans. Anne Dangar died at Moly-Sabata in 1951.
Daniel and John Wellby
The silversmithing firm of Daniel and John Wellby was founded in London in 1827 by Joseph Clement and John Wellby. The partnership lasted until August 6, 1828, when it was dissolved by mutual consent. The activity was continued at the same address by John Wellby, who entered his first mark at Goldsmiths' Hall in 1834.
In 1863, Daniel Wellby and John Henry Wellby (John Wellby's son) entered a new mark at Goldsmiths' Hall. The firm continued to operate under this partnership until 1896/1897, when it was converted into a limited liability company under the name D & J Wellby Ltd. The directors of the new company were Daniel Wellby, John Henry Wellby, Edward Henry Wellby and Howard Wellby.
Notable pieces produced by D & J Wellby include a tea service made for the Duke of Wellington in 1835; a dessert service made for the Duke of Devonshire in 1845; a wine cooler made for the Rothschild family in 1855 and a silver-gilt clock made for the Prince of Wales in 1865
D & J Wellby Ltd continued to operate until the early 20th century. The firm's work is characterized by its elegant designs and fine craftsmanship. The pieces are often decorated with intricate engraving or chasing, and they are sometimes set with precious stones.
Daniel Houle and Charles Houle
The Houle family of silversmiths was a prominent family of silversmiths in London in the 18th and 19th centuries. The family was founded by Daniel Houle, who was born in France in 1720 and came to London in the early 1750s. Daniel Houle was a skilled silversmith, and he quickly established himself as a successful business. He was appointed as a "freeman of the Goldsmiths' Company" in 1756, and he was elected as a warden of the company in 1774.
Daniel Houle had two sons, Charles and Daniel Jr., who both became silversmiths. Charles Houle was born in 1755, and he was apprenticed to his father. He became a freeman of the Goldsmiths' Company in 1777, and he set up his own business in 1780. Charles Houle was a talented silversmith, and he was known for his delicate and intricate designs. He was also a successful businessman, and he expanded his business to include a shop in Paris.
Daniel Houle Jr. was born in 1760, and he was also apprenticed to his father. He became a freeman of the Goldsmiths' Company in 1783, and he set up his own business in 1786. Daniel Houle Jr. was a skilled silversmith, and he was known for his classical designs. He was also a successful businessman, and he expanded his business to include a shop in New York City.
The Houle family of silversmiths was one of the most successful silversmithing families in London in the 18th and 19th centuries. Their work is characterized by its delicate and intricate designs, and it is highly prized by collectors today.
Daniel Quare
Daniel Quare (1648–1724) was an English clockmaker and inventor known for his contributions to the development of precision timekeeping instruments during the late 17th and early 18th centuries. He was born in Somerset, England, in 1648, but little is known about his early life and education. Quare established himself as a skilled clockmaker in London, gaining a reputation for his craftsmanship and innovative designs. He became a member of the Worshipful Company of Clockmakers in 1671.
Quare is known for several significant inventions and improvements in clockmaking. One of his notable contributions was the invention of the repeating watch, a timepiece that could audibly chime the time when a button was pressed. He also developed precision regulator clocks, which were highly accurate timekeeping devices. These clocks played a crucial role in establishing standards for timekeeping, particularly for other clockmakers. In the late 17th century, Quare formed a partnership with fellow clockmaker Stephen Horseman, producing high-quality clocks and watches.
Quare gained recognition for his work and received royal appointments. He became the Clockmaker to King William III and later Queen Anne.
Danish Deluxe
Danish Deluxe was an Australian furniture design and manufacturing company founded in Melbourne in 1958 by Neville Ashkanasy, John Westacott, and Borg Gjorstvang. The company was known for its high-end Danish-styled furniture, often influenced by Scandinavian design.
Ashkanasy and Westacott were both Danish immigrants who had come to Australia in the 1950s. They were inspired by the modern furniture designs they had seen in Denmark, and they wanted to create a similar style of furniture in Australia. Gjorstvang was an Australian furniture manufacturer who had experience in the industry.
The company's first factory was located in Huntingdale, Victoria. They started out by manufacturing furniture inder licence from Scandinavian designers, such as Hans Wegner and Niels Møller. They also commissioned leading local Australian designers, including George Kral and Max and Maggie May.
Danish Deluxe quickly became one of the leading manufacturers of mid-century modern furniture in Australia. Their furniture was sold all over the country, and they also exported to other countries. They were known for their high quality craftsmanship and their use of natural materials, such as teak and oak.
The company went out of business in the early 1980s, but their furniture is still highly sought after by collectors. Their pieces are known for their timeless design and their comfortable and stylish lines.
Danske Mobler
Danske Møbler is a family-owned and operated furniture company in New Zealand that was founded in 1958 by Ken and Bente Winter, Danish immigrants who brought their Scandinavian design aesthetic with them. The company began in a small shed in Titirangi, Auckland, and quickly gained a reputation for its high-quality, stylish furniture.
In the 1960s and 1970s, Danske Møbler was at the forefront of the Danish mid-century modern design movement in New Zealand and Danske Møbler furniture became a popular choice for New Zealand homes.
In the 1980s and 1990s, Danske Møbler expanded its range to include outdoor furniture and imported pieces from other European countries. The company also opened new retail stores across New Zealand.
Danske Møbler remains one of the leading furniture companies in New Zealand. It continues to produce high-quality furniture that is inspired by Danish mid-century modern design. The company also offers a wide range of imported furniture from other European countries.
Some of the most notable Danish mid-century modern furniture designers and makers whose work has been sold by Danske Møbler include:
• Hans J. Wegner: Wegner is one of the most celebrated Danish furniture designers of all time. He is known for his innovative and ergonomic designs, such as the Wishbone Chair and the Peacock Chair.
• Arne Jacobsen: Jacobsen was a Danish architect and designer who created iconic pieces such as the Egg Chair and the Swan Chair. His furniture is known for its sleek, modern lines and its focus on comfort and functionality.
• Poul Kjærholm: Kjærholm was a Danish furniture designer known for his minimalist and elegant designs. He often used steel and leather in his furniture, which gave his pieces a unique and industrial look.
• Finn Juhl: Juhl was a Danish furniture designer known for his organic and sculptural designs. His furniture was often made from exotic woods and had a distinctive Scandinavian flair.
• Børge Mogensen: Mogensen was a Danish furniture designer known for his simple and functional designs. He was inspired by traditional Scandinavian furniture, and his work is often characterized by its use of natural materials and its attention to detail.
Danske Møbler has played a significant role in promoting Danish mid-century modern design in New Zealand. The company's furniture is known for its high quality, stylish design, and its durability. Danske Møbler remains a popular choice for New Zealanders who are looking for furniture that is both stylish and functional.
Daoguang Mark
The Daoguang mark on Chinese ceramics refers to the reign mark used during the reign of Emperor Daoguang (1821-1850) of the Qing Dynasty in China. Emperor Daoguang's reign was marked by significant political, social, and cultural developments, including the production of ceramics.
The Daoguang mark typically appears as a six-character mark written in seal script. The mark reads "Daoguang Nian Zhi" (????), which translates to "Made during the Daoguang Reign." This mark was commonly used on porcelain items produced during the Daoguang period.
During the Daoguang era, the production of porcelain continued to flourish, and there was a wide range of ceramics created, including blue and white porcelain, famille rose, celadon, and monochromatic wares. The porcelain wares from this period often featured refined craftsmanship, intricate designs, and attention to detail.
It's important to note that while the Daoguang mark indicates the reign period when the ceramics were produced, it doesn't necessarily imply that the emperor himself oversaw or directly commissioned the pieces. The mark primarily serves as an indication of the historical context and the time of production.
Collectors and enthusiasts of Chinese ceramics often value items with the Daoguang mark for their historical significance and association with the Qing Dynasty. The mark can also provide insights into the dating and authenticity of the pieces, contributing to their value and desirability in the market.
When collecting or evaluating ceramics with the Daoguang mark, it is essential to consider other factors such as the quality of the craftsmanship, the style and technique used, and the overall condition of the piece. Consulting experts, reference books, and reputable dealers can help further enhance knowledge and understanding of Daoguang-marked ceramics.
Darbyshire Pottery
Jean and Bill Darbyshire established the Darbyshire Pottery in Perth, Western Australia in 1946. From her early years Jean was interested in pottery and took lessons from the well known potter of the 1930s and 1940s Flora Landells. Following World War II the Darbyshires purchased a small kiln and made an assortment of small eggcups and salt and pepper shakers.
The business flourished and in 1952 they moved to a purpose built factory in Innaloo. The factory produced two lines of pottery. One was very decorative and included vases and sculptural items such as the popular series of Aboriginal figures. The second line was of functional items produced in bulk such as a wide range salt and pepper shakers in different themes.
When import tariffs were lifted sales of both decorative and functional lines quickly fell away, and the company ceased operations in 1956.
Dario Zoureff
Dario Zoureff (1923-2004) was an Australian furniture designer and maker who was active during the mid-20th century. He was born in Melbourne, Australia, and grew up in a family of furniture makers, which inspired him to pursue a career in furniture design.
He studied at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT), where he honed his skills in woodworking and furniture design. After completing his studies, he worked for several furniture manufacturers in Melbourne, before starting his own workshop in the 1950s.
Zoureff quickly gained a reputation for his innovative designs and use of high-quality materials, such as solid timber, leather, and laminated plywood. His furniture pieces were characterized by their clean lines, geometric shapes, and functional design, and he was particularly known for his chairs.
His designs were influenced by a variety of styles and movements, including Scandinavian design, Japanese design, and the organic forms of mid-century modernism. He was committed to creating furniture that was both aesthetically pleasing and functional, and his pieces were designed to be comfortable, durable, and easy to use.
Some of his most notable designs include:
• The Z-Chair: This chair is one of Zoureff's most famous designs, characterized by its fluid, curving lines and sculptural form. The chair features a laminated plywood seat and backrest, supported by a solid timber frame, and was inspired by the work of the Finnish architect and designer Alvar Aalto.
• The Cube Chair: As the name suggests, this chair has a cube-shaped seat and backrest, with sleek, angled legs that give it a modern and minimalist look. The chair was designed to be both comfortable and functional, and is often considered a classic example of mid-century modern design.
• The Ring Chair: This chair is another iconic design by Zoureff, characterized by its circular seat and backrest, which are supported by a curved, metal frame. The chair was inspired by Japanese design, and is both visually striking and comfortable to sit in.
• The Tri-Chair: This chair features a unique, triangular seat and backrest, which are supported by a solid timber frame. The chair is designed to be lightweight and easy to move around, while still providing a comfortable and stylish seating option.
• The Chevron Chair: This chair is distinguished by its bold, chevron-patterned upholstery, which is combined with a simple, solid timber frame. The chair is both stylish and comfortable, and is a great example of Zoureff's ability to combine form and function in his designs.
Zoureff's work was highly regarded during his lifetime, and he won several awards for his designs, including the prestigious Australian Design Award. His pieces continue to be sought after by collectors and enthusiasts of mid-century modern furniture, and are considered some of the finest examples of Australian furniture design from the mid-20th century.
Dario Zoureff passed away in 2004.
Date Aperture
A date aperture is a cut out section in the face of a watch or clock, displaying the day of the month.
Date Letter on Silver
A date letter is a letter or symbol that is used to mark silver and other precious metals to indicate the year in which the piece was made. The date letter system is used by the British hallmarking system and it is a way to verify that a piece of silver is genuine and has been assayed (tested) by an official assay office.
The date letter system has been in use since the 14th century and it changes every year, so it is possible to identify the year in which a piece of silver was made by looking at the date letter. The date letter is usually stamped alongside other hallmarks such as the maker's mark, and the standard mark (indicating the fineness of the metal) on the silver piece. The style of the letters varies depending on the assay office, and the style of the lettering also changes over time. The date letter is usually placed inside a shield shape, sometimes accompanied by other symbols.
The date letter system is not used in all countries, so if a piece of silver does not have a date letter, it does not necessarily mean it is not authentic. The date letter system is not always used for small or insignificant silver items.
Dating English Ceramics
Excellent detailed reference books such as Godden's Encyclopaedia of British Pottery and Porcelain Marks will help to identify and date specific manufacturer's marks.
However, there are a few simple guidelines which may also help.
The inclusion of the word 'England' on an item ensured compliance with the American McKinley Tariff Act 1891, which was important for British exporters. An item so marked would have been made after 1891.
In 1921 the act was revised to require the phrase 'Made in' followed by the country. So if an item is marked 'Made in England', it is generally considered to be made after that date, although some manufacturers were using this phrase pior to the act being changed.
The use of the word 'Ltd' of 'Limited' after a company's name indicates a date after 1860, though with ceramic manufacturers this did not become general practice until the 1880's.
Daum Nancy Glass
The "Verrerie de Nancy" glassworks in Nancy were purchased in 1878 by Jean Daum (1825–1885) and then taken over by his two sons, Auguste (1853-1909) and Antonin (1864-1930) in 1887. They firstly produced coffee and tea services in clear glass with gold rims.
In 1893, the Daum brothers began producing cameo glass, using acid-etching techniques to decorate their wares with bouquets of flowers, clusters of fruit and scenery. During the Universal Exhibition of 1900 Daum was awarded a ‘Grand Prix’ medal.
The award allowed them to move out of the shadow of fellow Nancy glass maker, Emile Galle. In 1904 Galle died, and after that Daum established their prominence in the Nancy glass industry. Though their work during that period closely parallels that of Galle, it is much more yellow and orange in colour.
In 1914 on the outbreak of World War I the plant was closed, and converted into a hospital. It reopened after the war under Paul Daum, son of Auguste, and produced designs in the Art Deco style.
In the 1930's the styles became much plainer and utilitarian, as demonstrated by the 90,000 piece order for the luxury liner "Le Normandie".
The company is still under the name Cristallerie Daum, operating since 1962 as a public company. They make all kinds of figurines in pate-de-verre and crystal glass, as well as their high quality tableware.
Glassware by this company is signed 'DAUM NANCY' with the Cross of Lorraine.
Davenport (ceramics)
The Davenport Pottery company was founded by John Davenport in 1794, with factories in Dublin and Liverpool. John Davenport later took over a pottery at Longport in Staffordshire which produced earthenware, and around 1800 begain producing porcealin tablewares and vases. Davenport was one of the first companies to produce bone china, a type of porcelain that is made from bone ash, feldspar, and kaolin. The company also developed a technique for producing transfer-printed pottery, which allowed them to produce a wide range of intricate designs on their ceramics.
Davenport ceramics were known for their high quality and intricate designs, and the company was highly regarded for its technical skill and innovation. During the 19th century, Davenport ceramics were highly sought after and were exported to markets around the world. The company's success was due in part to the growing middle class and their desire for high-quality decorative items. The company went through several changes of ownership and production methods, and continued to produce ceramics until it closed in 1887.
Davenport (furniture)
A small writing desk used by ladies, usually with a sloped top insert with leather, a cupboard, slides and drawers for holding pens and paper. There is generally a row of drawers down one side, with false drawers on the opposing side, and the top is surmounted by a brass or fretwork gallery. Made to be freestanding, davenports are finished and polished on all four sides.
Piano top davenports, so called because the lid resembled that of a rounded piano lid, were introduced in about the 1830s. These 'top-of-the-range' piano front davenports usually include a rise and fall secret section, operated by a concealed button above a drawer operating via a system of counter balanced weights concealed in a cavity at the side of the main body, a and a well fitted pull out writing slope, drawers to one side and opposing dummy drawers.
There are very few Australian made davenports.
David & Robert Hennell
David & Robert Hennell were prominent silversmiths and retailers based in London during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The Hennell family had a long and distinguished history in the silver trade, spanning several generations.
The story of David & Robert Hennell begins with David Hennell Senior (1712-1785), who was an accomplished silversmith and apprenticed under the renowned silversmith Pierre Platel. David Senior established his own workshop in 1749 and became a prominent figure in the London silver industry. He was highly regarded for his exceptional craftsmanship and attention to detail.
In 1763, David Hennell Senior took his son, Robert Hennell (circa 1741-1811), as his apprentice. Robert quickly honed his skills and proved to be a talented silversmith. In 1768, Robert Hennell registered his first mark as a maker, and by 1773, he had established his own business at 52 Gutter Lane, London. Robert's reputation grew, and he became a member of the Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths in 1773.
Around 1786, David Hennell Junior (1767-1821), the son of Robert Hennell, joined the family business. David Junior further expanded the enterprise, and in 1796, he and his father formed a partnership under the name David & Robert Hennell. Their workshop was located at 4 Gravel Lane, Southwark, London.
As silversmiths, David & Robert Hennell produced a wide range of silverware, including tea services, flatware, tableware, candlesticks, and more. They were known for their excellent craftsmanship, elegant designs, and meticulous attention to detail. Their works often exhibited neoclassical influences, incorporating elements such as fluted borders, engraved motifs, and refined handles.
In addition to creating their own silverware, David & Robert Hennell acted as prominent retailers of silver goods, offering pieces crafted by other renowned silversmiths of the time. They sourced silverware from notable makers such as Paul Storr, John Emes, and William Bateman, among others. This allowed them to offer a wide selection of high-quality silver items to their discerning clientele.
The Hennell family's business flourished throughout the late 18th and early 19th centuries, attracting a prestigious clientele that included nobility, aristocracy, and affluent individuals. Their silverware was highly regarded for its quality, craftsmanship, and stylish designs.
Following Robert Hennell's death in 1811, David Hennell Junior continued the business under the name David Hennell & Sons, with his own sons, Robert Hennell II (1793-1848) and Samuel Hennell (circa 1801-1882), joining the firm. The company remained successful, producing silverware until the mid-19th century.
David Andersen
David Andersen (1843 - 1901) was a Norwegian goldsmith, silversmith and the founder of the David-Andersen jewellery company. He was born in Ostre Toten, Norway, and began his apprenticeship in goldsmithing in 1859 with Jacob Tostrup, a renowned Norwegian jeweller. In 1876, Andersen established his own goldsmith workshop in Oslo. He quickly became known for his high-quality jewellery, which was often decorated with enamel. Andersen also designed and produced silverware, tableware, and other decorative objects.
Andersen's jewellery was inspired by a variety of sources, including Norwegian folk art, Art Nouveau, and Art Deco. He was also influenced by the work of other European jewellers, such as René Lalique and Georges Fouquet. Andersen's jewellery was often characterized by its delicate designs and its use of precious metals and stones.
Andersen's jewellery was popular with both Norwegian and international customers. He exhibited his work at major international exhibitions, including the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893 and the Paris Exposition Universelle in 1900. Andersen's work was also featured in publications such as Vogue and Harper's Bazaar.
Andersen died in 1901 at the age of 58. His son, Arthur David-Andersen, took over the family business and continued to produce high-quality jewellery in the style of his father. The David-Andersen company is still in operation today and is known for its exquisite jewellery, which is often inspired by Norwegian nature and culture.
David Andersen is considered one of the most important Norwegian jewellery designers of the 19th century.
David Brokenshire
David Brokenshire was a New Zealand architect and potter. He was born in Thames, New Zealand in 1925. After leaving secondary school, he joined the Royal New Zealand Air Force and served for two and a half years. During his time in the air force, he developed an interest in botany and would study and sketch local plants in his spare time.
After leaving the air force, Brokenshire studied architecture at the Auckland University College School of Architecture, graduating in 1951. He worked briefly for the Christchurch City Council before working with Dunedin firm Miller, White and Dunn on buildings at the University of Otago. He then moved to Christchurch-based architects Hall and Mackenzie, where he worked on the new Hermitage Hotel at Mount Cook Village, notably designing its octagonal restaurant, and various buildings for the new Ilam campus of the University of Canterbury, including the registry.
Brokenshire began working with pottery in 1951, alongside his wife Noeline, and became a full-time potter in 1979. He began potting by throwing on a wheel but following a workshop with Patricia Perrin in the early 1960s, who was teaching a hammer and anvil technique using large-scale coils, Brokenshire began making work through hand building.
Brokenshire's work has been exhibited widely in New Zealand and internationally, and is represented in many public collections, including the Auckland Art Gallery, the Christchurch Art Gallery, and the National Gallery of Australia.
Brokenshire died in Christchurch in 2014. He was a highly respected artist and his work is considered to be an important contribution to New Zealand ceramics.
David Bromley
Born in Sheffield, England in 1960, David Bromley immigrated with his family to Australia at the age of thirteen. He began his career as an illustrator and comic strip artist. Bromley’s art is characterized by bold colors, high texture brushwork, and graphic intention, often featuring gold and silver leaf overlays.
He draws inspiration from childhood books and pop culture artists such as Andy Warhol and Roy Lichtenstein. His most famous series are 'Female Nudes' and 'Boy’s Own', combining contemporary views of femininity with the tradition of portraiture and showcasing the excitement and adventure of childhood, respectively.
Bromley has been a finalist for the Archibald Prize five times and has held over 30 national solo exhibitions, with his works appearing in galleries around the world. He has also painted portraits of Australian celebrities such as Kylie Minogue and Hugo Weaving. In recent years, Bromley has expanded his work to include furniture and interiors, creating large wallpaper murals and customized Classical French and industrial antiques.
David Souter
David Henry Souter was an Australian artist and designer who worked for the Royal Doulton company in the early 20th century. He was known for his unique and colorful designs, which were often inspired by Australian flora and fauna.
Souter began working for Royal Doulton in 1912 and continued to design wares for the company until the mid-1920s. During this time, he created a variety of patterns for Royal Doulton's popular "Series Ware" line, which featured scenes and designs based on a particular theme or subject.
Souter had a great love for cats and his designs often capture the playful and mischievous nature of these beloved pets.
One of his most popular cat designs is the "Kitten" series, which features a variety of playful kitten scenes. These designs are often brightly colored and highly detailed, with a great deal of attention paid to capturing the unique personalities of each kitten.
Another popular cat design by Souter is the "Puss in Boots" series, which features cats in a variety of adventurous poses and costumes. These designs are often highly stylized and full of personality, capturing the playful and imaginative nature of cats.
Souter's cat designs are highly collectible and continue to be popular with cat lovers and collectors today. They are a testament to Souter's skill as a designer, as well as his love for these beloved pets.
In addition to his work for Royal Doulton, Souter was also an accomplished painter and illustrator. He created a variety of works depicting Australian landscapes and wildlife, as well as illustrations for books and magazines.
David Trubridge
David Trubridge is a New Zealand-based furniture designer known for his iconic lighting and furniture made from sustainable materials. His work is inspired by nature and often features geometric patterns and organic shapes. Trubridge is also a strong advocate for environmental responsibility, and his company is committed to using sustainable practices in all aspects of its business.
Trubridge was born in England in 1957 and studied naval architecture at Newcastle University. After graduating, he worked as a forester for several years before teaching himself to make furniture. In 1984, Trubridge and his family moved to New Zealand, where he set up a workshop in Havelock North.
Trubridge's work began to gain international attention in the late 1990s, and he has since exhibited at major design shows around the world. His work is also held in the permanent collections of several museums, including the Victoria and Albert Museum in London and the Museum of Applied Arts and Sciences in Sydney.
Trubridge is best known for his kitset lighting, which is made from sustainable materials such as bamboo and plywood. His designs are known for their elegant simplicity and their ability to create a warm and inviting atmosphere. Trubridge also designs a wide range of other furniture, including chairs, tables, and beds.
Trubridge is a passionate advocate for environmental responsibility. His company, David Trubridge Ltd., is committed to using sustainable practices in all aspects of its business. The company uses sustainable materials, such as bamboo and plywood, and it produces all of its products in New Zealand, where it has a strong commitment to social responsibility. His work has been featured in numerous publications and has won numerous awards and he is also the recipient of the 2007 John Britten Award, New Zealand's highest design award.
David Webb, Jeweller
David Webb was a prominent American jewellery designer who gained popularity in the mid-20th century for his unique and daring designs. His pieces often featured bold, colourful gemstones and intricate metalwork, and he was known for his use of animal motifs and ancient art-inspired designs.
Webb was born in North Carolina in 1925, but he moved to New York City in the 1940s to study at the Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art. He started his career in the jewellery industry working as a designer for other firms before starting his own company, David Webb Inc., in 1948.
Webb's designs quickly gained popularity among the fashion elite of New York, and he became known for his bold and colourful creations. He was particularly renowned for his animal-themed jewellery, which featured lifelike renditions of creatures such as elephants, lions, and snakes.
One of his most famous pieces is a necklace he created for Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, which featured a gold and enamel frog with emerald eyes. Other notable clients included Elizabeth Taylor, who was a frequent customer, the Duchess of Windsor, who commissioned a gold and enamel bracelet with a Chinese-inspired dragon design and Barbra Streisand, Helen Mirren, Jennifer Garner and Beyonce.
Webb's designs often incorporated unusual materials, such as coral, jade, and turquoise, and he was known for his use of yellow gold. He also drew inspiration from ancient cultures, such as the Aztecs and Egyptians, and his jewellery often featured stylized versions of ancient motifs.
Despite his success in the 1960s and 1970s, Webb's business faced financial difficulties in the 1980s. Webb passed away in 1975 and the business was sold, but still operates stores under the Webb name in New York and Los Angeles. His designs continue to be highly sought after by the elite.
Daybeds
A narrow bed in the form of a couch used for resting during the day, usually scrolled at one end for resting the head and back whilst reclining. The back does not usually extend along the whole length of the piece. The day bed may have six or eight legs. The chaise longue is a derivitive of a day bed.
De Morgan
Englishman William De Morgan (1839 - 1917) was at different stages of his life an artist, potter and writer.
He studied at the Royal Academy and was influenced by the designs of William Morris and Edward Burne-Jones. As an artist his endeavours lay in the design of stained glass windows, and it was not until 1872 that he turned to ceramics, opening a pottery in Chelsea, London. In 1888 in partnership with others, he opened another pottery in Fulham, London.
His art pottery is characterised by his use and mastery of glazes, and use of bold colours such as green, blue, yellow and red in Persian and Moorish designs.
Morgan retired from the business in 1905, which had declined due to his absences abroad due to ill health, and the business closed in 1907.
After his retirement Morgan became a writer and published seven novel before his death in 1917.
De Sede
Swiss furniture manufacturer De Sede was founded in 1965 in Klingnau, Switzerland. The company has its origins in a small saddler's workshop that was established in 1890. The original workshop specialized in making high-quality leather goods, and this tradition of craftsmanship has been carried on by de Sede ever since.
In its early years, de Sede focused on making traditional leather furniture, such as saddles and riding boots. However, Haussener soon recognized the potential for creating high-end leather furniture that combined Swiss craftsmanship with contemporary design sensibilities.
De Sede quickly gained a reputation for its expertise in leather craftsmanship. The company sourced top-quality hides and employed skilled artisans who handcrafted each piece of furniture with meticulous attention to detail. This commitment to quality and craftsmanship set De Sede apart from other furniture manufacturers.
De Sede's mid-century modern furniture is characterized by its clean lines, simple forms, and use of high-quality materials. The company has worked with some of the world's leading designers, including Ubald Klug, Luigi Colani, Robert Haussmann, Ueli Berger, Hans Eichenberger, and Santiago Calatrava, to create iconic pieces of furniture that are still in demand today.
In addition to its mid-century modern furniture, de Sede also produces a range of contemporary and classic furniture. The company's commitment to quality and craftsmanship is evident in all of its products, and de Sede is considered to be one of the leading manufacturers of leather furniture in the world.
Decanters
The earliest decanters date from the late seventeenth century and were made from blown moulded glass.
They were used to serve wine at a time when there was a move towards less formal dining procedures and the reduced reliance on servants and waiters.
The 1745 Excise Tax caused manufacturers to make decanters lighter in weight. The tax benefited the industry in Ireland where it did not apply. When the tax was repealed in 1845, a heavier gauge was reverted to.
In the second half of the eighteenth century blue, green and amethyst coloured decanters were made.
Decanters often sat on silver bottle coasters with baize bases (some even on castors) and could be 'pushed' around the dining table without making scratches or requiring serving staff.
Decor Bois
"Decor bois" is a French term that translates to "wood decor" in English. It refers to decorative elements painted on porcelain items that simulate decorations in timber, such as carvings.
Decoupage
Decoupage is the art of decorating an object by gluing colored paper cutouts onto it in combination with special paint effects, gold leaf and other decorative elements.
Decoupage has a long history, with origins dating back to ancient Egypt, where it was used to decorate papyrus scrolls. The technique was later adopted by the Chinese and Japanese, who used it to decorate lacquered objects. In Europe, decoupage was first popularized in the 17th century, where it was used to decorate furniture and other household items. The technique then spread to other parts of Europe, and by the 18th century, it had become a popular pastime among the upper classes.
During the 19th century, decoupage experienced a resurgence in popularity, and it was used to decorate a wide range of items such as trinket boxes, picture frames, and even screens and wallpaper.
The technique can also be used on larger items such as furniture and even walls. The word "decoupage" comes from the French word "découper," which means "to cut out."
Dedon
Dedon is a German furniture company specializing in outdoor furniture. It was founded in 1990 by Bobby Dekeyser, a Belgian textile engineer. Dekeyser was inspired by the traditional weaving techniques of the Philippines, where he had lived for several years. He began experimenting with new materials and techniques, and eventually developed a synthetic fibre that was both durable and weather-resistant.
In 1994, Dedon launched its first collection of outdoor furniture, which was an instant success. The company's furniture was praised for its innovative design and high quality. Dedon quickly became a leader in the outdoor furniture industry, and its products are now sold in over 80 countries around the world.
Dedon has collaborated with a number of world-renowned furniture designers over the years, including Jean-Marie Massaud, saud is a French designer who is known for his sleek and minimalist designs; Richard Frinier a Belgian designer who is known for his use of natural materials and organic shapes and Harry & Camila, a German design duo who are known for their playful and colourful designs. They have designed a number of outdoor furniture collections for Dedon, including the Babylon and Mbrace collections.
Examples of mid-century furniture by Dedon include the Nestrest Lounger, the Mbrace Collection designed by Jean-Marie Massaud in 2009 and the Luxembourg Collection designed by Richard Frinier in 2004.
Degue
Degue was the mark used by the Cristalleries de Compiegne (Glassworks of Compiegne), set up in Compiegne, a town about 50 km north of Paris.
The business was established by David Guéron (1892 – 1950). to produce tableware and other functional glass, but after the 1925 Exposition des Arts Decoratifs in Paris the company began producing art glass.
In order to promote the "Degue" name the company also set up a showroom and glassworks in Paris.
The art glass range included vases, paper weights, bowls, lightshades, chandeliers, table lamps, shades.
The company was involved in litigation for six years with Société Anonyme des Verreries Schneider, who produced glass under the "Le Verre Francais" name, accused of copying their designs, and when the case was settled in 1932, both companies were financially exhausted
The company was further weakened by the general strikes in 1936 occasioned by the election of the Popular Front in May 1936, and it ceased production.
The business was officially closed in 1939 at the beginning of World War II.
Delft Ware
Delftware is a type of tin-glazed earthenware, known as maiolica in Italy and faience in France. After an initial firing, the items are coated with an opaque white enamel, on which designs are painted, followed by a further firing.
It was first developed in the 9th century in Iraq and spread to Spain and Italy in the Middle Ages. In the 16th century Italian potters introduced the technique to France and also to Antwerp in Belgium. From there it made its way to Holland, England and north Germany. In England it was known as galleyware, a term used until well into the 18th century, when it became known as delftware, reflecting the fact that by then the Dutch town of Delft had become the most important centre of production in Europe.
Manufacture of tin-glazed earthenware in England began with the arrival in 1567 of two Flemish potters, who set up potteries in Norwich and London. Another important factory was set up in Southwark c1618 by a Dutchman but it was not until after the Restoration in 1660 that the number of potteries increased.
London potters moved to Brislington in Avon and then to Bristol and in the 18the century delftware potteries spread to Liverpool, Glasgow, Dublin and Belfast – all ports with access to raw materials.
The influence of Chinese porcelain can be plainly seen in 18th century English delftware, and was inspired by the Chinese porcelain imported by the Dutch East India Company from the early 17th century. Other forms of decoration include European landscapes, biblical subjects, inscribed and commemorative pieces. Although nearly all surviving delftware is decorated, most utilitarian wares were plain white.
Among sought-after items are blue-dash chargers, produced at London and Bristol from c1650 to 1740. Decorated with distinctive blue dashes around the rim, these large dishes depicted contemporary heroes, particularly Royalty, and biblical subjects. A feature peculiar to English delft was the introduction of bianco-sopra-bianco, which consisted of a border pattern of flowers, pine cones and scrollwork being painted in white enamel on a slightly bluish-tinged glaze. Another distinctive type of decoration is the so called Fazackerley palette ; primarily associated with Liverpool from c1750 the colours include sage-green, manganese, pale blue, yellow and red.
The fashion for delftware in the British Isles lasted until the 1770s when it was superseded by creamware which was cheap to make, far more durable and could be stamped, moulded and pierced, lending itself to mass-production. By the end of the 18th century the manufacture of delftware in Britain had virtually ceased.
In order to differentiate the Dutch and English products, it is best to precede the term ‘Delft’ or ‘Delftware’ by Dutch or English. However, it has become customary for dealers and auction houses to use ‘Delft’ for the Dutch wares and ‘delft’ or ‘delftware’ for the English.
Della Robbia Pottery
Della Robbia Pottery was an Arts & Craft studio pottery that opened in 1894 and was located at Birkenhead in Cheshire.
The founders, Harold Rathbone and Conrad Dressler were originally inspired by the ceramics of the Italian Renaissance and the pottery derived its name from the 15th century Italian sculptor, Luca Della Robbia (1400 - 1482) who developed a glaze that made his pottery creations more durable when used outside the house, and thus suitable for use on building exteriors.
The company produced tableware, tiles, garden ornaments, and hollow ware in distinctive shapes and designs from the Renaissance period.
Della Robbia art pottery was sold by Liberty & Co. as well as in the company's own retail outlet in Liverpool.
Most individual pieces are signed by the artist as well as showing the "DR" monogram and the medieval galleon trademark.
Due to the cost of production of its wares, the business was not viable, and the pottery closed in 1906.
Demi Lune
Demi-lune is a French word translating to half-moon or crescent-shaped. In jewellery the demi lune shape is used in the design of pendants and earrings. The crescent shape adds a touch of elegance and femininity, and is often used to symbolize the moon or to evoke a sense of mystery and magic. In furniture design, a demi-lune table is a narrow, crescent-shaped table that is often used as an accent piece or in small spaces where a full-sized table would not fit. Demi-lune tables were popular in the 18th and 19th centuries and were often decorated with intricate carvings or inlaid designs.
Denby Pottery
Denby Pottery has been producing pottery in Derbyshire, England since 1809. The company was originally founded by William Bourne, who established his pottery factory in the village of Denby. Over the years, the company has produced a wide range of pottery products, including tableware, cookware, and decorative items. Denby pottery is known for its high-quality craftsmanship and durability. In the 20th century, the company expanded its product line to include stoneware and porcelain, and it also began to export its products worldwide.
In 1851, Dent was awarded a gold medal for his work on the longcase clock at the Great Exhibition in London. He passed away in 1853, but his legacy lived on through his workshop, which continued to produce high-quality timepieces under the direction of his son.
Overall, Edward Dent was a notable figure in the field of clockmaking, known for his technical expertise, innovation, and high-quality craftsmanship.
Denis O'connor
Denis O'Connor is a New Zealand-based ceramicist, sculptor,
and writer who has exhibited both in New Zealand and internationally. He was
born in Auckland in 1947 and studied at Auckland University College (1966-69),
where he majored in English and History. After graduating, he worked as a
teacher for several years before turning to art full-time.
O'Connor's early work was made using white porcelain and the
iron-rich clay which he found near his studio on Waiheke Island. In 1985 he was
awarded the Frances Hodgkins Fellowship at Otago University, and during his
tenure he switched to using limestone. More recently he has incorporated found
objects and has started to use black slate, which has introduced a more
minimalist aesthetic.
His work is characterized by its intricate detail and its
use of symbolic imagery. His sculptures often explore themes of history,
identity, and the natural world. He is also a gifted writer and storyteller,
and his work often incorporates text and narrative.
O'Connor's work is held in major public collections in New
Zealand, Australia, and the United States. He has received numerous awards for
his work, including the New Zealand Order of Merit in 2005. A highly respected
artist whose work has made a significant contribution to New Zealand art, O'Connor
continues to work and exhibit in New Zealand and internationally.
Dennis Lillee
Dennis Lillee is a legendary Australian cricketer, widely considered as one of the greatest fast bowlers of all time. He was born on July 18, 1949, in Subiaco, Western Australia, and grew up with a passion for cricket.
Lillee made his debut for the Australian cricket team in 1971 against England, but it was in the mid-1970s that he established himself as one of the most feared bowlers in the world. He was known for his aggressive and intimidating style of bowling, which often saw him reach speeds of over 150 km/h.
Throughout his career, Lillee played 70 Test matches for Australia and took 355 wickets at an average of 23.92. He also played 63 One Day International matches and took 103 wickets at an average of 20.82. He was the leading wicket-taker in Test cricket on three separate occasions.
Lillee's career was not without its challenges, as he suffered a serious back injury in 1973 that threatened to end his career. However, he worked hard to overcome the injury and came back stronger than ever, helping Australia win the 1975 and 1983 Cricket World Cups.
In addition to his cricketing achievements, Lillee was also known for his innovative approach to cricket equipment. He developed the first carbon-fibre cricket bat, which he used during his career, and also pioneered the use of protective helmets for fast bowlers.
After retiring from cricket, Lillee worked as a cricket coach and mentor, helping to develop the next generation of Australian cricketers. He was inducted into the International Cricket Council Hall of Fame in 2009, cementing his status as one of the greatest cricketers of all time.
Dentil Moulding
An architectural ornamental feature found on furniture, usually directly beneath the upper mouldings on a cornice. The timber is cut in a series of deep rectangular sections, alternatively raised and flat, like the crenellation on a castle battlement. In appearance not unlike a row of small teeth. From the latin "dens", teeth. Most commonly seen on bookcases, chests and cabinets, and less frequently on desks and wardrobes.
Dep (france)
The DEP doll company was founded in 1920 in France by the Delord family. The company's name is an acronym for "Delord et Père" (Delord and Father). DEP dolls were initially made of papier-mâché, but they later switched to composition and vinyl. The company was known for its high-quality dolls, which were often dressed in fashionable clothing. DEP dolls were also popular for their realistic features.
In the 1950s, DEP dolls became increasingly popular in the United States. The company's dolls were featured in magazines such as Life and Look, and they were also sold in department stores such as Macy's and Gimbels. DEP dolls were also popular with collectors, and some of the company's early dolls are now considered to be valuable antiques.
Some of the most popular DEP dolls include the Bébé Jumeaux (Twin Babies) doll, which was made of papier-mâché and dressed in matching outfits; the Petite Poupée (Little Doll) doll, which was made of composition and dressed in a variety of fashionable outfits; the Soeurette (Little Sister) doll, which was made of vinyl and dressed in a classic French sailor outfit; and the Princesse (Princess) doll, which was made of vinyl and dressed in a lavish princess gown.
The DEP doll company ceased production in the 1980s. However, the company's dolls are still sought after by collectors today. DEP dolls are known for their beauty, quality, and historical significance.
Depression Glass
Australian Depression Glass refers to a type of glassware that was produced in Australia that was mass-produced and sold at low prices during the Great Depression of the 1930s.
The production of Depression Glass in Australia began in the early 1930s when local manufacturers started to produce glassware that was similar in style and quality to the glassware that was being produced in the United States. Many of these manufacturers were located in the city of Sydney, which became a hub for the production of Depression Glass in Australia.
Some of the most well-known manufacturers of Australian Depression Glass include Crown Crystal Glass, James A Jobling & Co, and Cospak Glass. These companies produced a range of glassware, including bowls, plates, vases, and other decorative items. The glassware was often produced in bright colors, such as pink, green, and blue, and was characterized by its simple, elegant designs.
The popularity of Depression Glass in Australia began to decline in the mid-1930s as the country started to recover from the economic hardships of the Depression. However, the glassware has remained popular among collectors, and today, Australian Depression Glass is highly collectable.
Derby Porcelain C1750-1846
Derby porcelain refers to the fine porcelain produced by the Derby factory in Derby, England, from the mid-18th century to the early 19th century with the exact start and authorship remaining uncertain. The production of porcelain in Derby actually predates the work by Andrew Planche and William Duesbury in 1756, who joined Andrew Planche and John Heath in creating the Nottingham Road factory, later known as Royal Crown Derby and it quickly became one of the leading porcelain manufacturers in England.
The early Derby porcelain was heavily influenced by the Meissen factory in Germany, and featured finely detailed, brightly colored painted scenes, often with ornate gilding. Some of the most popular early designs included figurines, tableware, and vases, which were often adorned with floral motifs, landscapes, and other decorative elements.
In the late 18th century, the factory began to produce more innovative designs, including the famous "Crown Derby" pattern, which featured a distinctive blue and gold color scheme. Other notable designs from this period included the "Imari" pattern, which incorporated Japanese-inspired motifs, and the "Old Paris" pattern, which was based on French designs.
During the 19th century, the Derby factory faced increasing competition from other porcelain manufacturers in England, and its production declined. In 1811, the factory was sold to Robert Bloor, who renamed it "Bloor Derby" and continued to produce high-quality porcelain. The factory closed after Bloor's death in 1846.
Derek Smith
Derek Smith (1931-2019) was a British-Australian ceramic artist who was known for his functional and decorative pottery. He was born in Birmingham, England, in 1931 and studied ceramics at the Birmingham School of Art. In 1956, he moved to Australia, where he taught ceramics at various schools and established his own studio in Hobart, Tasmania.
Smith's work is characterized by its simple forms, its use of bold colors, and its emphasis on functional design. He often used local materials in his work, such as Australian clays and glazes. His pottery was inspired by a variety of sources, including Japanese ceramics, Aboriginal art, and the work of other contemporary ceramic artists.
Smith's work has been exhibited in major galleries and museums around the world. He has won numerous awards for his work, including the Royal Australian Institute of Architects' Robin Boyd Award for Ceramics in 1992. He was also a member of the Australian Ceramic Circle and the Royal Australian Institute of Architects.
Smith died in Hobart, Tasmania, in 2019. His work is still widely admired and collected by ceramic enthusiasts around the world.
Dermer, John
John Dermer was born in Melbourne in 1949.
He studied ceramics at Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology and at Hawthorn State College, after which he spent some time working in potteries in England.
He also worked at his Kirby's Flat Pottery at Yackandandah, Victoria, for a number of years.
His first solo exhibition was held in 1971.
His work is represented in the Art Gallery of Western Australia, Australian National Gallery, Museum of Applied Arts and Sciences, National Gallery of Victoria, Newcastle Art Gallery, Queensland Art Gallery and the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery.
Derringer Pistols
A Derringer pistol is a small, pocket-sized handgun that typically has a single barrel and is designed to hold only one or two rounds of ammunition. The name "Derringer" is often used generically to refer to any small, pocket-sized handgun, but it is most properly used to refer to the specific designs created by the Derringer family of gun makers in the 19th century. Derringer pistols are known for their compact size, making them easy to conceal, but they also have relatively low accuracy and power due to their short barrels.
Deruta Pottery
Pottery has been produced in the town of Deruta, in the region of Umbria, Italy for several centuries. The history of Deruta pottery can be traced back to the 15th century, when the town was a center of ceramic production. The production of pottery in Deruta was heavily influenced by the neighboring town of Gubbio, which was known for its high-quality ceramics.
During the Renaissance, Deruta pottery gained reputation for its high-quality, ornate ceramics, decorated with intricate designs, usually made of blue and gold. In the 16th century, Deruta's ceramics became so famous that it attracted many potters from other regions of Italy. At this time, Deruta's potters began to produce a wide variety of ceramic wares, including plates, bowls, vases, and other decorative items.
In the 19th century, Deruta pottery faced a decline due to competition from industrialized ceramic production. However, the tradition of hand-crafted pottery was kept alive by a few dedicated artisans, and by the early 20th century, a renewed interest in traditional crafts led to a resurgence of Deruta pottery. The pottery is known for its intricate designs, which often feature colorful geometric patterns and images of flowers, birds, and other decorative elements.
Detente Escapement
A detente escapement is a type of mechanism used in mechanical watches and clocks. It is a variation of the lever escapement, and is known for its high precision and accuracy. The detente escapement is composed of two main parts: the escape wheel, which is driven by the watch or clock's mainspring, and the lever, which is responsible for locking and unlocking the escape wheel.
The lever has two pallets, one for locking and one for unlocking the escape wheel. The locking pallet stops the wheel from rotating while the unlocking pallet allows the wheel to rotate. As the wheel rotates, it pushes the lever, causing the pallets to alternately lock and unlock the wheel in a precise manner. This action allows the wheel to release energy in small, precise increments, which drives the clock or watch's hands. The detente escapement is considered to be one of the most accurate escapements available, and is often used in high-end timepieces.
Deutsche Blumen
Deutsche blumen is a German term which translates to "German flowers." It is a decorative art style that emerged in Germany in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The style is characterized by a profusion of highly detailed and lifelike flowers, fruits, and leaves, typically arranged in bouquets or garlands.
The style was particularly popular in the manufacture of porcelain, with many German porcelain factories producing pieces in the style. These pieces were often used for table settings, and were highly prized for their beauty and craftsmanship.
Deutsche blumen was a reaction against the ornamental austerity of the previous rococo and empire styles, and was a reflection of the growing interest in naturalism and botanical illustration during the 19th century. The style is considered to be a precursor of the Art Nouveau movement, which emerged later in the century.
Devlin Stuart
Stuart Devlin was born in Geelong, Victoria, Australia and trained as an art teacher, after which he taught for 5 years and then studied gold and silversmithing, firstly in Melbourne and then at the Royal College of Art in London from 1958. He spent two years at Columbia University where he developed a career as a sculptor.
He returned to his teaching position in Melbourne in 1962 and was appointed Inspector of Art Schools.
In 1963 a competition was held to design the new Australian decimal coinage that was to be introduced in 1966. The new decimal coins were to replace the pre decimal coinage that had been in circulation since 1910. Six competitors vied for the honour of designing these new coins.
Devlin was announced the winner of the competition with designs that featured Australian native fauna on the new coins, with the 1c coin featuring the feather-tailed glider, the 2c a frilled neck dragon lizard, 5c a spiny echidna, the 10c a lyrebird, the 20c duck billed platypus and the 50c Australian Coat of Arms. The 1,c and 2c coins are no longer in circulation. A $1 coin also designed by Devlin and featuring the kangaroo, was introduced in 1984
In 1963 He became involved in the project to design Australia's decimal currency, and during this period he decided to relocate to London and establish himself as a silversmith.
He adapted his knowledge of sculpture into the designs he created for his showroom in Conduit Street in London's West End, which he occupied from 1979 to 1985. His output included limited editions which appealed to longer term collectors, such as Easter eggs and Christmas boxes.
His design skills have extended to furniture, jewellery, clocks, centrepieces, goblets, candelabra, bowls, and insignia.
Following his successful design on Australia's decimal currency, he has designed coins and medals for 36 countries.
He was Prime Warden of the Goldsmith's Company 1996-97 and in 1982 was appointed as goldsmith and jeweller to Queen Elizabeth II and in 1998 he was appointed a member of the Royal Mint Advisory Committee on the Designs of Coins, Medals, Seals and Decorations.
In 2000 he designed 25 coins for the Sydney Olympic Games including the Silver Kilo Olympic Masterpiece, the largest Olympic coin ever made, and the first to show all Olympic sports. He was also awarded an honorary doctorate from RMIT in 2000.
His work is displayed in the Victoria and Albert Museum as well as numerous Australian museums including Powerhouse Museum, Sydney, Museum Victoria and the National Gallery of Victoria.
He was awarded a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George in the UK in 1980, and an Order of Australia in 1988.
Dexter
The words dexter and sinister are commonly used in heraldry, but have a more general application in the world of antiques and collectables (mainly sculpture and numismatics) to describe the position of the head of the subject. Dexter, which is Latin for right means the subject is looking to their right, while sinister, which is Latin for left, means the subject is looking to their left.
Dial Plate
The dial plate is the front plate of a clock or watch, and may have the numerals painted or engraved on it, as well as cut-outs for the hands, date apertures, strike/silent adjustment or automata. On some clocks a chapter ring, displaying the numerals may sit on top of the dial plate.
Diamante / Rhinestone
A diamante and a rhinestone are both imitation diamonds made from glass, rock crystal or acrylic. Originally rhinestones were rock crystals mined from the Rhine river Rhine in the 18th century, but the term is now associated with any imitation diamonds. Diamantes and a rhinestones are used in costume jewellery, in clothing and accessories, and were especially popular in the 1930s,
Diana Pottery
The Diana Pottery Pty Ltd operated at Marrickville, New South Wales from 1941 to the 1970s, and was the most important Australian ceramics manufacturer during this period
Establlished during World War II, the Diana Pottery produced wares to assist the war effort, including cups and mugs for Navy and munitions cantens, along with tea pots and milk jugs.
At the cessation of World War II, the pottery diversified and commercilaised its output to include a large variety of slip cast vases in many colours, shapes and sizes, book ends, animal figures, table ware, utility and kitchen ware. Over the life of the pottery, over 200 different shapes were produced.
By the early 1950s the company had more than 70 employees and were producing a large range of hand painted articles which included "Waltzing Matilda" musical mugs and jugs, and produced bright "gumnut" pots with pale green and brown glazes.
The musical mugs and jugs played when lifted, and the movements were expensive and difficult to obtain, being imported from Switzerland, so many mugs and jusg that should have had movements were sold without at reduced prices.
In the 1960s Diana diversified their range further into decorated oven and kitchen ware, hand painted with maple, poinsettia, cornflower, blackberry, wattle and flannel flower designs.
During this period Diana Pottery made a variety of slip cast vases that were glazed in bright colours, or sprayed with a cream glaze creating a speckled texture. These were marketed under the name 'Hollywood'.
Also in the 1960's, a variety of small slip cast vases hand decorated in gold were made for a gift shop in the Imperial Arcade Sydney which were marketed u under the name 'Imperial'.
There was a burgeoning of Australian pottery in the 1960s and 70s. The most important manufacturer from this period was Diana, Diana produced bright "gumnut" pots with pale green and brown glaze.
Diana Pottery marks include hand signed "Diana Australia"; an impressed "Diana" enclosed in a circle; "Diana Australia" with an imprint of the "Huntress" and stickers reading "Diana Made in Australia". Those marketed under then name "Hollywood" have a stamp and/or a paper label.
Diane Von Fürstenberg
Diane von Fürstenberg is a Belgian-American fashion designer best known for her wrap dress designs that became popular in the 1970s. She was born Diane Simone Michelle Halfin on December 31, 1946, in Brussels, Belgium. Her father was a wealthy industrialist and her mother was a Holocaust survivor.
She studied economics at the Institut Le Rosey in Switzerland and later at the University of Geneva. She then moved to Paris to study fashion at the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture. After her studies, she worked as an assistant to several famous fashion designers such as Cristóbal Balenciaga and was a model for several famous photographers.
In 1970, Diane married Prince Egon von Fürstenberg and became Princess Diane von Fürstenberg. She moved to New York City and launched her first collection of wrap dresses, which quickly became popular and synonymous with the empowered and confident women of the 1970s.
Her wrap dress designs were innovative in that they could be worn in a variety of ways, making them versatile and functional for women on the go. The success of her wrap dress line led to the creation of her own fashion label, Diane von Fürstenberg (DVF), which she relaunched in 1997. Today, DVF is a multi-million-dollar global fashion brand known for its elegant and timeless designs.
In addition to her fashion career, she has also been a successful businesswoman and philanthropist. She has served as the President of the Council of Fashion Designers of America and has received several awards for her contributions to the fashion industry. She has also been an advocate for women's rights and has been involved in various charitable organizations throughout her life.
Diaper Motif
The diaper motif is a repeating geometric pattern in decorative arts that consists of small diamond or lozenge shapes arranged in a grid. The pattern is often used as a background or border on textiles, ceramics, metalwork, and other decorative items. It can be found in a variety of cultures and historical periods, and is often used in formal or ornamental designs. The name "diaper" comes from the pattern's resemblance to the criss-crossed fabric of a baby's diaper.
Diapet
Diapet is a well-known brand of die-cast model vehicles and toys that originated in Japan in the late 20th century. The Diapet brand was owned by the Japanese company Yonezawa Toys Co., Ltd. The company was founded in 1950 by Yoshitada Yonezawa and initially specialized in producing tinplate toys. These early toys included tinplate cars, robots, and other mechanical toys, which were popular during the mid-20th century.
In the 1960s, Yonezawa Toys recognized the growing popularity of die-cast metal toy vehicles. As a result, they shifted their focus towards producing die-cast model cars and trucks, launching the Diapet brand which gained a reputation for producing highly detailed and accurate die-cast model vehicles. Diapet models were known for their attention to scale and realistic features, making them popular among collectors and enthusiasts.
Yonezawa's toy division was transferred to Segatoys in May 1994. The Diapet name is still being used by Segatoys for a line of model trucks and buses.
Dick, Alexander
Alexander Dick (c.1791-1843) arrived in Sydney as a free-settler from Edinburgh in 1824 and employed a number of assigned convicts in his workshop.
Probably initially employed by James Robertson, Sydney's first non-convict silver retailer and also from Scotland, Dick soon established his own business at 104 Pitt Street as both a retailer and working silversmith.
Although himself sentenced in 1829 to seven years transportation to Norfolk Island for receiving stolen dessert spoons, he was later pardoned and returned to Sydney.
For the next ten years his firm, received many significant commissions and became one of the most prolific manufacturers of silver flatware and presentation pieces in the colony.
His mark appears on the first Australian-made racing trophy (the 1827 Junius Cup) and he was praised as the maker of the Sydney Subscription Cup, a now lost 84oz silver trophy ornamented with a gold horse finial and gold horse-heads for an 1834 race meeting.
Retiring in 1841 (the year the first silver mine opened in Australia), he died two years later leaving an estate of almost £9000.
Dicken's Desk
A Dicken's desk is a pedestal desk, with a central sloped writing surface to the top, with small drawers and pigeon holes to each side, at the rear of the desk, a lift-up slope and a false centre drawer.
Diecast
The toy is made by by pouring molten metal into a closed metal die or mould. The first metal used was a lead alloy, but the finsihed product was very soft and broke easily, and was replaced with an alloy of zinc mixed with small amounts of aluminium and copper.
Dilana Rugs
Dilana is a high-end rug brand that was established in 1980 in New Zealand by Hugh Bannerman. The company began as an artisan rug-making workshop that specialized in creating high-quality, handcrafted rugs made from natural fibers.
Bannerman was inspired to start Dilana after traveling through Turkey and seeing the beautiful hand-woven rugs produced there. He recognized the potential to create similar products in New Zealand, using locally sourced materials such as wool and flax.
In the early years, Dilana operated out of a small workshop in Auckland, where a team of skilled weavers produced each rug by hand. The company quickly gained a reputation for producing high-quality, unique designs that were both functional and beautiful.
As Dilana grew in popularity, the company expanded its range of products to include a wider variety of materials, such as silk, cotton, and synthetic fibers. The brand also began experimenting with new techniques and designs, incorporating modern elements into traditional rug-making methods.
Dilana rugs are sold in high-end stores around the world, and the company continues to produce its products using traditional artisan techniques. The brand has won numerous awards for its innovative designs and commitment to sustainability, making it a leader in the luxury rug market.
Dinky Toys, Britain
Dinky Toys are a brand of die-cast miniature vehicles and models that were produced by the British company Meccano Ltd. from the early 1920s to the 1970s. The company was founded in 1919 by Frank Hornby, who also created the popular construction toy Meccano. The first Dinky Toys were produced in 1934 and were an immediate success.
The Dinky Toys line included a wide variety of vehicles such as cars, trucks, airplanes, and boats, as well as military vehicles, construction equipment, and figurines. They were made using a die-casting process and were known for their high level of detail and accurate representations of real-life vehicles. They were also painted in realistic colors and often came with intricate moving parts.
During the 1950s and 1960s, Dinky Toys became one of the most popular toy brands in the United Kingdom and were exported around the world. The company continued to introduce new models and expanded its product line to include a range of accessories such as garages, gas stations, and figures. However, due to increased competition and changing consumer preferences, the company began to struggle in the 1970s, and production of Dinky Toys was eventually ceased in 1979.
There are many different Dinky Toys that are considered to be highly collectible, and their value can vary depending on factors such as rarity, condition, and popularity. Some of the most sought-after Dinky Toys include:
- Pre-war models: Dinky Toys produced before the Second World War are considered to be the most valuable and rare. These early models often featured more intricate designs and finer detailing than later models, and are highly sought-after by collectors.
- Military vehicles: Dinky Toys produced during the Second World War and the 1950s, such as tanks, airplanes, and military trucks, are considered to be highly collectible due to their historical significance and accurate depictions of real-life vehicles.
- Rare models: Certain Dinky Toys that were produced in limited numbers or for a short period of time are considered to be rare and highly collectible. These include prototypes, test shots, and promotional models.
- Mint condition: Dinky Toys that are in their original packaging and have never been played with are considered to be highly valuable and collectible.
- Prototype models: These are the models that were never released to the public, they were made to test the design and functionality of the final product, they are rare and highly sought after by collectors.
- Racing Cars: Dinky Toys that were made with the likeness of famous racing cars, these are also highly sought after by collectors.
Dino Martens
In the 1950s, Dino Martens was one of the leading innovative glass artists in Murano, Italy.
He was born in Venice in 1894 and studied painting at the Academia di Belle Arti in Venice from c1918 - 1924. After completing his painting studies, he worked freelance for more than 10 years as a painter and designer of hollow glass and mosaics for a number of companies including S.A.L.I.R. and Salviati.
In the late 1930s he was appointed artistic director and head designer of Aureliano Toso glassworks in Murano. His design creativity in composition and use of colour was set free.
By 1948 he had already designed his first patchwork Zanfirici In subtle colours as well as the Oriente In strong colours. His pieces were often characterised by striking asymmetric form. He continued designing for Aureliano Toso until the early sixties.
Diorama
When used in relation to antiques and collectables, a diorama is a three dimensional display, usually within a domed or rectangular glass case.
As the feathers of birds are more easily damaged than the skin of an animal, most taxidermied birds are displayed within a glazed diorama. The birds will be set in lifelike poses in a naturalistic landscape, usually standing a branch within the diorama. Animals will be displayed set in the landscape they inhabit. The foreground will be set with gravel, rocks and bushes, while the background will be painted.
While most natural history dioramas can be easily picked up and carried by one person, some larger examples were made that were suitable for display at exhibitions.
The other type of diorama commonly seen is a model ship enclosed in a rectangular glass box, the ship depicted floating on the sea.
Diptych
A diptych is a drawing or painting in two parts. Traditionally the two panels were hinged together and could be closed like a book. Nowadays the word covers two panels that are displayed side-by-side and may be a continuous but divided image, or may be two separate but closely related images.
Directoire Style of French Furniture
The Directoire style of French furniture emerged during the late 18th century, specifically from 1795 to 1799, following the French Revolution. It represents a transitional period between the opulence of the Louis XVI style and the grandeur of the Empire style. The Directoire style is characterized by its simplicity, classical influences, and a departure from the ornate designs of the preceding era.
The Directoire style was influenced by the political and social changes brought about by the French Revolution. It sought to break away from the lavishness associated with the aristocracy and embraced a more republican and democratic aesthetic. The furniture of this period reflects a return to classical forms and motifs, drawing inspiration from ancient Greece and Rome.
Chairs in the Directoire style often feature straight, tapering legs, occasionally fluted or with saber shapes. The backs of the chairs are typically rectangular or shield-shaped, sometimes with a slight curve. The seats are usually padded and upholstered in simple fabrics or leather. The chair frames are often adorned with minimal ornamentation, such as subtle carvings or moldings.
Tables in the Directoire style are characterized by clean lines and geometric shapes. They often have rectangular or circular tops and straight, tapered legs. Some tables may feature fluted or reeded details on the legs. The tabletops may be adorned with simple inlays or veneers, showcasing classical motifs like laurel wreaths or Greek key patterns.
Chests of drawers and commodes in the Directoire style often have rectangular or square shapes with straight lines. They feature minimal ornamentation, focusing on the quality of the wood and the craftsmanship. The hardware, such as drawer pulls and escutcheons, is usually simple and understated. Some pieces may incorporate classical motifs in the form of delicate carvings or brass accents.
Mirrors in the Directoire style typically have rectangular or oval shapes. The frames are usually plain and unadorned, with minimal embellishments. The mirrors may be topped with a pediment or feature columns on the sides, drawing inspiration from classical architecture.
The Directoire style represents a transitional period in French furniture design, reflecting the changing political and social landscape of the time. It sought to establish a sense of simplicity, order, and democracy in furniture design, drawing inspiration from classical antiquity. The clean lines, restrained ornamentation, and emphasis on quality craftsmanship continue to make Directoire furniture appealing to those who appreciate a more understated and classical aesthetic.
View further examples of Directoire Style of French Furniture
Dish Rings
Dish rings were in use between about 1750 and 1800, and were designed to protect the table or sideboard surface from damage from a hot dish. They are usually about were mosty made in silver, and to a lesser extent Sheffield plate, of circular in shape with pierced, embossed and chased decoration to the in-curved side, the piercing also allowing the heat to escape.
They are also known as potato rings, probably in deference to their supposed Irish origins.
Manufacture of dish rings was revived in the late 19th century for several decades.
Dished Top
A dished top on a table is a
table top with a slightly hollowed out centre, creating a concave surface with
raised edges. A dished top is often
found on antique tables from the 17th and 18th centuries. The dished top adds a
decorative element to the table and also has the effect of preventing items on
the table from sliding off.
Disney Comics
Comics bearing the Walt Disney name date back to the 1930s when Disney's characters began appearing in comic strips. In 1932, Walt Disney signed a contract with King Features Syndicate to produce a Mickey Mouse comic strip, which became an instant success.
The first Mickey Mouse comic book was published in 1933 by David McKay Publications, and it featured reprints of the Mickey Mouse comic strips. In 1935, Dell Publishing began producing original stories featuring Disney's characters in comic book form.
Throughout the 1940s and 1950s, Disney comic books continued to be popular, with titles featuring not only Mickey Mouse, but also Donald Duck, Goofy, and other beloved characters. Many of these comic books were written and illustrated by prominent artists such as Carl Barks, who is known for his work on Donald Duck and Uncle Scrooge comics.
In the 1960s, Gold Key Comics took over the Disney comic book license, and they continued to produce new stories featuring Disney's characters. In the 1970s, Marvel Comics began producing Disney comic books, including titles featuring characters from the Disney Afternoon television lineup, such as DuckTales, Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers, and TaleSpin.
Disney continues to license its characters to comic book publishers, with IDW Publishing currently holding the rights to produce comics featuring Disney characters. Disney also produces its own comic book series, such as the Disney Princess comics and the Disney Magic Kingdom Comics series.
Disney Toys
Toys bearing the Walt Disney name have been popular since the 1930s, when Walt Disney began licensing his characters for use in merchandise. Some of the earliest Disney toys included Mickey Mouse and other character figurines made of tin, wood, and celluloid.
In the 1940s and 1950s, Disney began to partner with major toy manufacturers to produce a wide range of toys and games featuring their popular characters. Companies like Mattel, Hasbro, and Ideal produced dolls, board games, puzzles, and other toys based on Disney movies and TV shows. Some of the most popular Disney toys from this era include the Mickey Mouse Club Mouseketeer Hat and the Davy Crockett coonskin cap.
In the 1960s and 1970s, Disney expanded its licensing agreements to include toys from companies like Kenner, Fisher-Price, and Parker Brothers. This period saw the release of many iconic Disney toys, including the Winnie the Pooh stuffed animals and the Disneyland board game.
The 1980s and 1990s saw the rise of Disney's own toy division, Disney Consumer Products, which produced a wide range of toys and games featuring their popular characters. This period also saw the release of many Disney-themed video games, including the popular DuckTales game for the Nintendo Entertainment System.
In the 2000s and beyond, Disney has continued to license its characters to major toy manufacturers like Hasbro and Mattel, as well as producing its own toys through Disney Consumer Products. Some of the most popular Disney toys in recent years include the Disney Princess line of dolls and the Cars movie-themed toys.
Toys bearing the Walt Disney name have been an important part of popular culture for amost a century, and continue to be beloved by children and adults around the world.
Display Cabinets
The late 17th century passion for collecting Chinese porcelain and the later European porcelain, (a passion that has not abated), led to the design of various forms of cabinets for displaying the collection. There are various forms, and collectors can find pieces in the Sheraton, Queen Anne and Rococo revival manner dating from the Edwardian and later Victorian periods. Glazed china cabinets or bookcases were frequently made in the Art Nouveau and Art Deco style. The half-round lead lighted china cabinets popular in the 1920s and 1930s, are not all as common as they used to be. Collectors should be careful of 'china cabinets' that have made up by a conversion from a bookcase, armoire or wardrobe.
Distressed
Usually applied to describe the condition of an item of furniture, and means that the object is extremely worn and is verging on being unsuitable for its intended use, without some restoration or repairs being undertaken.
Furniture can also be artificially distressed, by deliberate infliction of superficial damage to make it appear old. Artificial distressing can be done with the object of deceiving a purchaser, where the object is being passed off as "of the period", or can be done for aesthetic reasons so that a new object is made to appear as though it has been in use.
Dollond of London
The Dollond family was a dynasty of precision instrument makers in London for over 200 years. The company was founded in 1750 by Peter Dollond (1730-1820), an optician who invented the achromatic lens, which significantly improved the quality of telescopes and other optical instruments. Dollond's son, John Dollond (1754-1820), joined the business in 1771 and became a partner in 1775. After Peter Dollond's death in 1796, John Dollond took over the business and continued to produce high-quality optical instruments.
In the 19th century, Dollond of London was one of the leading makers of precision instruments in the world. The company's products included telescopes, microscopes, compasses, barometers, and other scientific instruments. Dollond's instruments were used by explorers, scientists, and military personnel all over the world. Some of Dollond's most notable customers in the 19th century included Captain James Cook, who used Dollond telescopes on his voyages of discovery; Admiral Horatio Nelson, who used Dollond compasses on his ships; Charles Darwin, who used Dollond microscopes in his research and Michael Faraday, who used Dollond optical instruments in his experiments.
Dollond of London continued to produce high-quality precision instruments until the early 20th century. The company was eventually acquired by another optical instrument maker in 1954.
Dollond of London was one of the most respected makers of precision instruments in the world for over 200 years. The company's products were used worldwide by scientists, explorers, and military personnel and helped to advance science and exploration in the 19th century.
Don Bradman
Sir Donald George Bradman, commonly known as Don Bradman, was an Australian cricketer born on August 27, 1908, in Cootamundra, New South Wales. He is widely considered as the greatest batsman of all time, and his records and achievements in cricket remain unparalleled even after several decades.
Bradman was the youngest of five children born to George Bradman and Emily Whatman. His father was a farmer, and Bradman grew up in Bowral, New South Wales, where he developed a love for cricket. He started playing cricket with a makeshift bat and ball in his backyard and soon became adept at the sport. He made his debut for Bowral Cricket Club at the age of 12 and scored his first century in a club match at the age of 14.
In 1927, Bradman was selected to play for the New South Wales state team, and he made his first-class debut against South Australia. He quickly established himself as a prolific run-scorer and earned his place in the Australian team for the 1928-29 series against England. In his debut Test match, Bradman scored 18 and 1, but he made amends in the next Test match, scoring 79 and 112.
Bradman's career took off from there, and he soon became the dominant batsman in world cricket. He played 52 Test matches for Australia and scored 6,996 runs at an astonishing average of 99.94, which is still the highest in the history of Test cricket. Bradman scored 29 Test centuries, including two triple centuries, and his highest Test score of 334 not out came against England in 1930.
In addition to his Test career, Bradman also played first-class cricket for South Australia and New South Wales, and he scored a staggering 28,067 runs in 234 first-class matches at an average of 95.14. He retired from international cricket in 1948, and his last Test match was against England at The Oval.
After his playing career, Bradman served as a cricket administrator and also worked as a journalist and commentator. He was knighted in 1949 for his services to cricket, and he passed away on February 25, 2001, at the age of 92. Don Bradman's legacy as the greatest batsman of all time remains intact, and his records and achievements continue to inspire future generations of cricketers.
Donato D'urbino
Donato D'Urbino (born 1935) is an Italian industrial designer, architect, and urban planner. He is best known for his work with Jonathan De Pas and Paolo Lomazzi as part of the design collective De Pas, D'urbino, Lomazzi.
The trio was born in Milan in the 1930s and began their collaboration in the mid-1960s. They were at the forefront of the Italian design movement known as Radical Design, which challenged traditional design conventions and embraced new materials and technologies.
De Pas, D'urbino, Lomazzi's work is characterized by its playful and innovative use of form, colour, and materials. Their designs are often described as pop, futuristic, and even kitschy. Some of their most iconic pieces include the Blow armchair (1967), the Joe armchair (1970), and the Sciangai coat stand (1973).
In addition to furniture, De Pas, D'urbino, Lomazzi also designed temporary architecture, exhibitions, and urban planning projects. They were involved in the design of the Italian pavilion for the World Fair in Osaka in 1970 and the exhibition "Italy: The New Domestic Landscape" at the Museum of Modern Art in New York in 1972.
D'Urbino has continued to work as a designer since the death of De Pas in 1991. He is still active today and his work can be found in the collections of major museums around the world. His work has had a significant impact on the development of Italian design. His innovative and playful designs have inspired generations of designers and continue to be popular with collectors today.
D'Urbino’s notable awards and achievements include the Compasso d'Oro award (1979), and the BIO award in Ljubljana (1982). He was a Member of the Association of Industrial Design, a jury member in numerous design competitions and a collaborator with Quattrocchio since 1980
Donovan and Overland
Donovan and Overland opened as manufacturing and wholesale jewellers in Perth in 1897. They supplied many of the retail jewellers on the goldfields and in Perth.
Many of their goldfields brooches carry the name of a Western Australian gold mining town, town, presumably where the brooch was retailed to the miners by a local jeweller. For example, Donnybrook, is a small town in Western Australia, about two hours south of Perth.
It was first settled about 1842 but it was not until 1897 that gold was discovered about 6 kilometres south of the town, resulting in a small gold rush to the town about two years later. However the exitement was short-lived and the most of the miners had left the area after about 3 years.
Donovan and Overland, occupied a number of locations in Perth, but closed in 1921.
Doreen Blumhardt
Dame Vera Doreen Blumhardt ONZ DNZM CBE (7 March 1914 – 17 October 2009) was a New Zealand potter, ceramicist and arts educator. She was born on 7 March 1914 in Huanui in the North of New Zealand. Her parents were German-born David Blumhardt and Wilhelmina Elisabeth Magdalene Hartdegen who ran a small farm near Whangarei. Blumhardt attended Whangarei High School and studied the violin. She had a keen interest in drawing and watercolours and went on to study at the Canterbury College of Art in Christchurch. From 1937, she attended a teacher training programme at Christchurch Teachers' Training College and studied German and education at Canterbury University College.
After graduating, Blumhardt taught art at various schools in New Zealand, including Wellington Girls' College and Hutt Valley High School. In 1947, she was appointed head of the art department at Wellington Teachers' College. She held this position until her retirement in 1979.
Blumhardt was a prolific ceramic artist. She began working in clay in the 1940s, and her work was influenced by the Japanese tea ceremony and the work of Bernard Leach. She exhibited her work widely in New Zealand and overseas, and her work is held in the collections of many museums, including the Auckland Art Gallery, the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, and the National Gallery of Victoria.
Blumhardt was a passionate advocate for the arts, and she was a founding member of the Crafts Council of New Zealand and the New Zealand Society of Potters. She was also a recipient of many awards, including the Queen's Service Medal in 1977, the New Zealand Order of Merit in 1990, and the Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 2000.
Doreen Blumhardt died in Wellington on 17 October 2009, aged 95.
Doris Dutch
Doris Dutch was born in London in 1926 and studied art at Southwest Essex college Technical School of Art and the Royal College of Art in London where she met her future husband, Ted Dutch. She supported herself as a commercial artist and teacher of art and craft at evening class. Doris moved to New Zealand in 1951 with her husband, but didn't start potting until 1962 and in 1964 onwards gave evening classes first and weaving and then in pottery. She exhibited with New Zealand society of potters and had a couple of two person shows with artist husband. She also took part in the World Craft Council Asian exhibition in 1970 and international concourse of ceramic art in Italy in 1970. Her work is found in museums and collections across New Zealand.
Doris Dutch died in 2012.
Doublet and Triplet
A doublet and a triplet are both composite imitation stones, consisting of two or three joined layers. A triplet is made with the crown and base of genuine material, but with a centre layer, usually of glass, the object being to make the stone appear larger than it really is. A doublet consists of only two layers.
Opal doublets are quite common and consist of a thin layer of opal cemented to an opal matrix or black glass.
Dough Bin
Sometimes referred to as a kneading trough. It is a rectangular, trough-like wooden bin, with inwardly sloping sides, made to stand on a trestle base. The interior is usually partitioned, one side holding dry flour, the other for kneading the bread dough. The bin has a solid wooden lid, used as an ironing board or side table in farmhouse kitchens. Australian examples, both in cedar and pine, have survived, dating to early colonial times, but rarely come onto the market.
Douglas Snelling
Douglas Burrage Snelling was an Australian architect and furniture designer who was born in England in 1916 and moved to New Zealand in 1926. As a teenager, he ran his own graphic arts and shop window design business. He later travelled to Hollywood and worked as a freelance sketch artist. He returned to New Zealand in 1938 and became a writer, broadcaster, and publicist. In 1940, he moved to Sydney and worked as a publicist and in a munitions factory during World War II.
In 1945, Snelling married NZ heiress Nancy Springhall and used her money to open a business designing shop windows and furniture. He designed chairs that featured parachute webbing and modernist design, and his furniture range was sold widely through major department stores in Australia. He also designed the case of Kriesler's iconic 'Beehive' radio.
Snelling was inspired by Frank Lloyd Wright's work during a trip to America with his wife. When they returned to Australia in 1948, he met architect Harry Seidler and began designing houses. He built modernist houses, apartment buildings, and office buildings, winning the 1955 House of the Year Award from Architecture and Arts magazine.
Douglas, Neil
Neil Douglas was born in New Zealand in 1911. He studied painting at the National Gallery School, Melbourne, but devoted most of his time to pottery until 1964 when he held his first one- man exhibition of paintings at the Toorak Gallery in Melbourne. ln latter years Neil Douglas has been a champion of causes, especially the protection of the natural environment.
Dovetail Joints
At regular intervals in one board, wedge-shaped projections are cut, which fit and are glued into matching recesses cut in the corresponding board opposite, thus forming a 'dovetail' appearance. One of the strongest joints devised for furniture. Found in most drawers and the joints fixing the tops, bottoms and rails at right angles to the side pieces of most cabinets. Before the invention of the dovetail joint, furniture had been held together by metal or wooden dowels or pegs.
Downing, Brownie
Viola Edith (Brownie) Downing, author, artist, illustrator and ceramics decorator was born at Manly, Sydney in 1924, and grew up in a home surrounded by bushland, which inspired her to take an interest in drawing from a young age.
She drew children, small animals flowers and trees from her surrounds, and developed an interest in Aboriginal culture from her father.
After leaving school she studied at Sydney Technical Art School and then worked as a commercial artist, drawing children's fashion in the early 1940s.
After World War II she studied at Julian Ashton's art school and became a full time artist selling both originals and prints throughout Australia. Her work extended to designs for Christmas cards, and pottery decoration. One of her enduring legacies is the compelling naïve charm of the Aboriginal characters decorating ceramic items ranging from porcelain dishes and wall plaques to miniature tea sets.
In the 1960s she turned her hand to writing for children, and her first book "Tinka and His Friends", sold 60,000 copies and won The Daily Telegraph Children's Book of the Year Award. She travelled to England to promote the book, and there met and married her second husband, John Mansfield resulting in a new direction in her life.
Mansfield became her co-author and together they travelled the world for many years living in France, Spain, Ireland, Jamaica, the United States, Mexico and Ireland, and afterwards cruising the Mediterranean for twelve years, finally settling on the island of Majorca before moving to Andorra.
She never returned to Australia and died in Andorra in 1995 at the age of 71.
Dram Glasses
Georgian dram glasses, also known as "tot glasses," are small glasses that were used to measure and serve a unit of liquid called a "dram" in 18th and 19th century England. These glasses were typically made of glass or crystal and were used to measure and serve small amounts of spirits, such as whiskey or brandy.
The origins of Georgian dram glasses can be traced back to the 18th century, during the reign of King George III of England (1760-1820). At this time, it was common for people to drink spirits in small, measured amounts, and the use of dram glasses became popular as a way to control the serving size of these drinks.
During the Georgian era, the use of dram glasses was particularly popular in England, but they were also used in other parts of Europe and in North America. The glasses were made in a variety of sizes, with the most common sizes being 2, 4 and 6 drams. They were also decorated with intricate designs, such as engravings or cut-glass patterns, making them highly prized by collectors.
Draw Leaf Tables
Draw leaf tables are tables that feature one or more leaves that can be pulled out or "drawn" from the end of the table to expand the surface area of the table. This type of table has been in use for centuries, dating back to at least the 16th century in Europe.
During the medieval period, draw leaf tables were primarily used by the upper class and were made from expensive materials like oak and walnut. They were often highly decorated with carvings and inlaid designs, and were considered a symbol of wealth and status.
In the 17th century, draw leaf tables became more common in middle-class households, as advances in furniture-making techniques made it possible to produce them more affordably.
In the 18th and 19th centuries, draw leaf tables continued to be popular, particularly in rural areas where space was limited. They were also used in urban areas, where they were popular in small apartments and homes. The design of draw leaf tables remained relatively unchanged, but the materials used in their construction and the types of legs and other supports that were used changed to reflect the fashion of the time.
Drawing Room Suite
A Victorian and Edwardian term for a suite comprising a gentleman's chair, lady's chair, a settee and four or six upright chairs. The Edwardian version is also known as a Parlour Suite.
Drawn Stem
A drawn stem on a wine glass refers to a stem that has been made by blowing a gather of glass onto the end of a blowpipe, and then shaping it while it is still hot and pliable. This method of making wine glass stems is also known as "free-blown" or "hand-drawn" stemware. It contrasts with "molded" stemware, which is made by blowing a glass into a mold.
Dream Baby Dolls
Grace Putnam was an American doll designer and inventor, who is the credited inventor for her "Dream Baby Dolls" which were produced in the early 1900s. These dolls were designed to be as realistic as possible and were made with materials such as wax and rubber. They were also designed to be anatomically correct and could be posed in various positions.
Grace Putnam's Dream Baby dolls were considered to be very advanced for their time and were popular among parents and educators as a tool for teaching young children about nurturing and care-giving. The dolls were also used in photography and as a therapeutic tool for children with developmental disabilities. Grace Putnam's Dream Baby dolls are considered to be a precursor to the modern silicone and vinyl reborn dolls that are available today.
Dresden Porcelain
Dresden porcelain made in the city of Dresden, Germany, in the 18th and 19th centuries, was known for its intricate and highly detailed figurines, as well as its ornate and decorative vases, dishes, and other decorative objects. The porcelain was often painted with bright colors and gilded with gold or silver.
The style of Dresden porcelain is often associated with the Meissen porcelain factory, which was established in the nearby city of Meissen in 1710.
The production of Dresden porcelain began in the 18th century, with many of the factories and workshops being founded by skilled craftsmen who had previously worked at the Meissen factory. These artisans were able to replicate the high-quality and intricate designs that were associated with Meissen porcelain, but at a lower cost.
Dresden porcelain became very popular among the European nobility and upper classes, and was often used as a status symbol. Many pieces were also exported to other countries, including America. However, the production of Dresden porcelain decreased after the First World War and was almost entirely halted during the Second World War. Production restarted after World War II, and Dresden porcelain is still made, despite many changes in the ownership of the company since then.
Dressel Dolls
The Dressel family has been making dolls in Sonneberg, Germany, since the 18th century. The company was founded by Johann Philipp Dressel in 1757, and it has been passed down from generation to generation ever since. In 1873, two of Johann Philipp's descendants, Cuno and Otto Dressel, founded the Cuno & Otto Dressel Factory. The company specialized in making bisque dolls, which were a popular type of doll at the time. Dressel dolls were known for their high quality and realistic details.
Dressel dolls were sold all over the world, and they were particularly popular in the United States. The company's largest American client was Butler Brothers, a major department store chain. Dressel continued to make dolls until the end of World War II. The company was forced to close down after the war due to the destruction of its factories.
Some of the most notable Dressel dolls include:
• The American Historical Series: This series of dolls was made in the late 19th century. It features dolls dressed in the costumes of famous American historical figures, such as George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, and Betsy Ross.
• The Character Dolls: This series of dolls was made in the early 20th century. It features dolls dressed in the costumes of characters from literature, history, and mythology.
• The Fashion Dolls: This series of dolls was made in the mid-20th century. It features dolls dressed in the latest fashions.
Dressel dolls are prized by collectors for their beauty and historical significance.
Dresser
An essential feature of every well equipped kitchen, the name derives from the board or table on which meat was 'dressed' or food prepared.
Over time, the design of the dresser has changed, even though the nomenclature is unchanged.
Dressers were particularly popular in Wales, northwest and southwest England, each type having strong regional characteristics.
First introduced in the 18th century, the dresser consisted of a base containing shelves, drawers and cupboards, and an open upper section, with stepped shelves known as the 'rack', for storing plates and other crockery.
Some dressers, particularly from Wales and northern England had panelled backs, while others have open backs so the wall behind the back of the upper section of the dresser is visible.
Alternatively the rack was sometimes attached directly to the kitchen wall rather than remain free standing upon the base, which explains why so many of them have since been lost.
The base could take many forms. It may be in the shape of a table with drawers beneath the top, sometimes with a 'pot board' beneath, sometimes with a cupboard, three or four side drawers for linen and cutlery, and sometimes with a hutched 'dog kennel' to display cooking pots. Some dressers have a series of small drawers, known as 'spice drawers', beneath the rack shelves.
Dressers in a wide variation of designs continued to be made in the 19th and 20th century, but bear little resemblance to the earlier examples.
The main difference is that the upper section is enclosed with glass doors, and the base would have a row of drawers, with cupboards below, fully utilizing the storage space. Leadlight doors were a feature of dressers made in the early 20th century.
A series of dressers made during the late 19th and early 20th centuries contained an astonishing variety of built-in devices including flour bins, sifters, bread boards and beaters.
In America, the dresser is often called a 'hutch'.
Dressing Chest
A low chest of drawers with a mirror, either at the rear ("dressing table style" ) or on the underside of a lid, sometimes with a kneehole front.
Dressing Table
A table or cabinet fitted with mirrors, small drawers and compartments, used especially by ladies at their toilette. There have been many variations over the past two centuries. The great 18th century designers delighted in contriving elegant tables, ingeniously fitted with all kinds of sliding and hidden mirrors, drawers and cosmetic boxes. Some versions had small bookshelves and drawers in the superstructure, while others were plainer, square tables, with fold over lids which, when opened, revealed the mirrors and compartments.
Victorian dressing tables followed the prevailing fashions of the various revival styles, although the form became established as a table supported by scroll, turned or cabriole legs, with an oval or square mirror and a series of small drawers known as a Duchess dressing table. Another version consisted of two pedestals, fitted with drawers on either side of a cheval mirror.
Edwardian dressing tables were usually plainer, with typical turned legs, squarer lines and sometimes containing wing mirrors. These Edwardian pieces usually contain sections of machine-made carving, based on the acanthus leaf, sometimes in conjunction with various Neoclassical devices such as the broken pediment, shallow reeding and so on.
The revival of the Queen Anne style in the 20th century saw many dressing tables in ash or maple made with cabriole legs and plate glass mirrors. They are usually stained a revolting scarlet described by the manufacturers as 'mahogany'.
Dressing Table Accessories
Many collectable items from the late Victorian and Edwardian periods are associated with the dressing-table. Jars in glass or porcelain, often highly decorative, were produced at this time for face powder, with silver mounts decorated in Art Nouveau styles. Glass trays in matching sets accommodated hairpins (themselves widely differing in decorative treatment), trinkets and rings. Matching sets of brushes and hand mirrors may be found with silver, electroplate or enamelled backs in contemporary motifs. A wide variety of perfume bottles were made, including by such luminaries as Lalique, Daum and Galle.
Drexel Furniture
Drexel Furniture is an American furniture manufacturer that was founded in 1903 in Drexel, North Carolina. The company was started by Samuel Huffman and five other investors, and was originally named the Drexel Furniture Company.
In its early years, Drexel Furniture focused primarily on producing bedroom and dining room furniture in traditional styles. However, the company quickly expanded its product line to include a range of styles, from traditional to modern.
In the 1950s and 1960s, Drexel Furniture became known for its collaborations with prominent furniture designers, including Edward Wormley and Milo Baughman. These collaborations resulted in a number of iconic designs that helped to define American furniture in the mid-20th century.
From 1968 the company went through a number of changes in ownership, still maintaining the Drexel brand.
In the 1970s and 1980s, Drexel Furniture continued to innovate and adapt to changing trends in the furniture industry. The company introduced a number of new product lines, including contemporary and transitional styles, and expanded its distribution channels to
In 2003, the company filed for bankruptcy and was acquired by Heritage Home Group, a furniture conglomerate. Under Heritage Home Group, Drexel Furniture continued to produce high-quality furniture, but the company struggled financially and filed for bankruptcy again in 2018. The Drexel brand was eventually acquired by Century Furniture, another North Carolina-based furniture manufacturer, in 2015.
Drinking Horns
Drinking horns have been used
throughout history by various cultures, including the Vikings, Celts, and
Germanic tribes. They were typically made from the horns of cattle, sheep, or
goats and were used to drink beer, mead, and other fermented beverages.
Drinking horns were also believed to have ceremonial or symbolic significance
and were sometimes used in religious rituals.
Silver mounted drinking horns
are adorned with silver fittings, such as a silver base, a silver rim, or a
silver handle. These fittings were added to enhance the appearance and value of
the horn and to indicate the wealth and status of the owner. Silver mounted drinking
horns were particularly popular in the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries, during
the Renaissance and Baroque periods. They were often used in formal settings,
such as banquets and ceremonies, and were also used as decorative items in
homes and castles.
The production of these
drinking horns was a specialized craft and required the skills of a horn
carver, a silversmith, and an engraver. The carver would shape and smooth the
horn, the silversmith would create and attach the silver fittings, and the
engraver would decorate the silver with intricate designs and inscriptions. These
horns were expensive and were often owned by the nobility and the wealthy.
Drop Handles
In furniture of the late 17th and early 18th centuries, small metal drop handles were often used, frequently in a pear or tear shape. The back plate, to which the drop was attached, may be either a simple plain circle, or in the form of a star or diamond. These handles have been widely reproduced, and are frequently found on Jacobean and Queen Anne style furniture made after the first world war. Reproduction handles can usually be identified by the inferior quality of the metal used during the 1920s and 1930s, sometimes thinly coated with brass or copper, though modern copies are often of excellent quality.
Drop in Seat
Mostly used on Regency upright chairs, a drop in (or "drop on") seat is an unsprung removable seat where the upholstery is attached to a wooden frame, which is held in place by the sides of the chair, and usually a wooden peg at the front of the chair. An inset upholstered seat is of the same construction, but it sits within a frame whose perimeter includes four sides of the chair.
Because the upholstery frame was not very deep, the seats were relatively uncomfortable. In the mid 19th century coiled upholstery springs came into use and frame of the chair was used as the upholstery frame, making for a much more comfortable and responsive seat.
This type of seat was known as an over-upholstered or over-stuffed seat.
Drop-Leaf / Dropside Table
A small table with hinged flaps on either side or at each end, which, when raised, increase the size of the table surface. The flaps may be supported by fly rails or a gateleg which pivot ou to support the top. The following are all variations of the dropleaf / dropside table: gateleg table, Pembroke table, sofa table, Sutherland table.
Drum Table
An antique drum table has a circular tooled leather top with drawers around the frieze, standing on a pedestal base. They were popular in the late 18th and early 19th century, serving as both a table and a storage unit.
Duchess Dressing Tables and Chests
A Victorian dressing table, usually in the Rococo revival style. It generally has heavy cabriole or scroll legs standing on a platform base, although turned and reeded legs are not uncommon. The table. top may be rectangular or serpentine in shape. The superstructure consists of an oval or rounded mirror supported by carved brackets, beneath which are two or three small drawers for gloves, pins, jewellery and so on. Normally made from walnut, mahogany or cedar. A duchess chest is a term frequently, though some-what misleadingly, applied in the Australian antique market to a combination chest. It consists of a chest of drawers surmounted by a swing mirror flanked by several small drawers for gloves or studs. Mainly found in Edwardian furniture, both in pine and cedar.
Dudson Brothers
Dudson Brothers is a British pottery company that was founded in Hanley, Stoke-on-Trent, in 1800 by Richard Dudson. The company has been family owned and operated ever since, and is one of the oldest tableware manufacturers in England.
In the early years, Dudson Brothers produced a wide variety of domestic pottery, including Staffordshire figures, relief moulded stoneware, jasperware, ebony, and mosaic ware. However, in the 1880s, James Thomas Dudson, the great-grandson of the founder, identified a need to serve specifically the hospitality market, in view of the increase in travel created by the railways. He made significant changes in production, and by the 1890s, the company was concentrating on producing a particularly strong type of vitrified china, developed by James's father.
In 1898, the company was renamed Dudson Brothers Ltd., and it quickly became one of the leading suppliers of tableware to the hotel and catering industry. Dudson Brothers' pottery was known for its high quality, durability, and stylish designs. The company also became known for its innovation, and it was one of the first pottery companies to introduce new technologies, such as tunnel kilns and spray glazing.
During the 20th century continued to grow and the company opened new factories and warehouses, and began to export its pottery all over the world. Dudson Brothers is one of the world's leading manufacturers of hotel tableware. The company's products are used in some of the most prestigious hotels and restaurants around the globe.
Duelling Pistols
Duelling pistols were firearms specifically designed and used for the purpose of settling personal disputes in a one-on-one confrontation, known as a duel. Duelling has a long history, dating back to medieval times, when it was used as a way for knights to resolve disputes over matters of honour.
By the 16th century, duelling had evolved into a more formalized practice and became more widespread in Europe. During this time, special firearms designed for duelling began to be developed, with the earliest duelling pistols being flintlock weapons.
In the 18th and 19th centuries, duelling pistols became more sophisticated, with improvements in design and technology. duelling pistols became symbols of honour and were highly sought after by those looking to prove their bravery and courage.
Duelling thrived in England for nearly three centuries, and although it was officially abolished in England in 1819, duelling continued often between members of the armed forces, until the practice eventually came to an end in 1852, when the last recorded English duel was fought. There were many contributing factors to the practice's end. Duelling pistols became primarily collectors' items, with only a few remaining in use for historical re-enactments.
Duggin Shappere & Co.
Duggin Shappere & Co were one of Australia's most prolific and famous jewellery firms starting in Melbourne in 1896. Founded by Harry Duggin and Percy Shappere the business became well known for its high-quality jewellery, which was often set with Australian gemstones such as opals and diamonds. Harry Duggin designed many distinctive Australiana pieces including the "O'possum" and Kookaburra". Duggin and Shappere's mark, an 'Anchor', was used in conjunction with the guarantee marks of the Manufacturing Jeweller's Association Victoria.
The business was originally located at Howey Place off Little Collins Street, Melbourne, and they moved premises several times before finally settling at 343 Little Collins Street, where they continued until 1932.
Duggin Shappere & Co.'s jewellery was popular with both Australian and international buyers. The company's pieces were exhibited at major jewellery shows around the world, and they were featured in magazines and newspapers in Australia and overseas.
Unfortunately, like many businesses, Duggin & Shappere were victims of the Great Depression, and from 1929 they were no longer listed in directories as a manufacturing jewellers.
Dumb Waiter
There are two distinct furniture forms known as a dumb waiter. The Georgian version od the dumb waiter consisted of three revolving circular trays attached to a central pedestal column, usually on a tripod base. It was used for holding plates and tea cups in the drawing-room. Generally made from mahogany, some varieties were contrived so that the trays were collapsible.
In the later 19th century the term was applied to a two or three tiered form, with turned legs and supports, used for dishes and crockery in the dining room.
Many Australian examples survive in cedar, blackwood and pine. Its descendant is the small tray mobile beloved of tea ladies and hostesses.
Dummy Drawer
A drawer with facia decorations only, which is not operative.
Dunhill, Alfred Ltd.
Alfred Dunhill Ltd was founded in London in 1893 as a motoring accessories business.
In the 1900s, the company expanded into luxury tobacco goods. As cigarette smoking took off in the 1920s and ’30s, Dunhill became one of the most famous names in the field, opening shops in Paris, New York and Toronto and expanding into menswear, toiletries and other areas, but it is with smoking accessories that the firm is most notably associated.
Dunhill was particularly known for lighters, most famously the Unique lighter, launched in the early 1920s with the slogan ‘The lighter that changed public opinion’. Coming in various designs, the Unique could be operated with one hand; its design lessened the risk of petrol evaporation and it rarely needed filling. Dunhill also developed the first butane gas powered lighter.
Dunhill began manufacturing cigarettes in 1963. In 1967, Carreras Tobacco Company acquired a 51% interest in the company, and the company is currently owned by Compagnie Financière Richemont SA, a Swiss based luxury goods manufacturer whose brands include Baume & Mercier (watches) Cartier (jewellery and watches) IWC (watches), Montblanc (pens), Piaget (watches and jewellery)
Alfred Dunhill have retail emporiums for men in the major cities of London, Shanghai and Tokyo, and Hong Kong, referred to as the 'Homes of Alfred Dunhill'. As well being a retail outlet for Dunhill goods, these 'Homes' offer a range of services including a bespoke tailoring service, barber’s shop, fine wine cellars, bar or restaurant, screening room, and spa.
Dunhill's current product range includes men's luxury leather goods, writing implements, lighters, timepieces, fragrances and clothing.
Dunklings
Dunklings was a prominent jewellery retailer and manufacturer in Melbourne, Australia, that operated from the mid-19th century until the 1990s. The company was founded in 1874 by brothers Julius, Gustav, and Adolph Dunkling, who had immigrated to Australia from Germany.
Initially, the company focused on importing and selling jewellery and luxury goods, but in the early 20th century, they began to expand into manufacturing their own jewellery. By the 1930s, Dunklings had become one of the largest jewellery manufacturers in Australia, with a reputation for high-quality craftsmanship and innovative designs.
During World War II, Dunklings turned its manufacturing capabilities towards producing military insignia and medals, as well as jewellery for the war effort. After the war, the company resumed its jewellery manufacturing operations and continued to expand its retail operations throughout Melbourne.
In the 1960s and 1970s, Dunklings became known for its modernist designs and use of unusual materials such as stainless steel and titanium. The company also began to expand into other areas of luxury goods, such as watches and giftware.
Despite its success, Dunklings faced financial difficulties in the 1980s and was ultimately acquired by the Angus & Coote jewellery chain in 1995. Dunklings continues to be remembered as one of Melbourne's most iconic and beloved jewellers.
Duplex Escapement
A duplex escapement is used in clocks and watches to control the release of energy from the mainspring to the timekeeping mechanism. The duplex escapement is a variation of the lever escapement and is characterized by the use of two pallets, or escape wheels, to control the release of energy.
In a duplex escapement, the balance wheel, which oscillates back and forth, alternately pushes against the two pallets. This allows the energy stored in the mainspring to be transferred to the balance wheel in a controlled manner, keeping the timekeeping mechanism accurate.
One of the advantages of the duplex escapement is its relatively low friction, which helps to maintain accurate timekeeping and prolong the life of the clock or watch. Additionally, the duplex escapement is relatively easy to maintain and repair, making it a popular choice for clockmakers.
Dupont
S.T. Dupont is a French luxury goods brand that was founded in 1872 by Simon Tissot Dupont. The company started out as a maker of leather goods, but it soon expanded into the production of fountain pens, lighters, and other luxury items. Dupont's fountain pens are known for their high quality and stylish design. The company has created a number of iconic fountain pens over the years, including the "Line D" pen, which was introduced in 1929. The Line D pen is made of solid gold and features a streamlined design that is still popular today.
In the 1930s, S.T. Dupont began producing lighters. The company's lighters are also known for their high quality and stylish design. One of the most famous S.T. Dupont lighters is the "Ligne 1" lighter, which was introduced in 1941. The Ligne 1 lighter is made of solid gold and features a simple, elegant design.
In addition to fountain pens and lighters, S.T. Dupont also produces a variety of other luxury goods, including watches, luggage, and sunglasses. The company's products are sold in stores all over the world and are popular among celebrities and other high-profile individuals.
In 1919 Simon Tissot Dupont's sons, Lucien and André, took over the company and in 1987 the business was acquired by the Vendôme Group.
S.T. Dupont remains a leading luxury goods brand, and has a global presence. The company's products are known for their high quality, stylish design, and craftsmanship.
Dyrlund Smith
Dyrlund Smith A/S was a Danish furniture company founded in 1950 by Ejner Dyrlund and Poul Smith. The company was known for its high-quality, mid-century modern furniture made from natural materials such as teak, rosewood, and oak. Dyrlund Smith furniture was designed by some of the most renowned Danish furniture designers of the time, including Hans J. Wegner, Arne Jacobsen, and Børge Mogensen.
Dyrlund Smith earned a reputation for its innovative and stylish furniture. In 1952, the company won the gold medal at the Triennale di Milano, one of the most prestigious design competitions in the world. Dyrlund Smith furniture was also exhibited at the Museum of Modern Art in New York in 1954. In the 1960s and 1970s, Dyrlund Smith furniture was exported all over the world, and it became particularly popular in the United States and Japan. The company's furniture was known for its clean lines, simple designs, and functionality. Dyrlund Smith furniture was also known for its high quality and durability.
In 1979, Dyrlund Smith was acquired by the Danish furniture company Fredericia Furniture. Fredericia Furniture continues to produce some of Dyrlund Smith's most iconic designs, such as the Swan Chair and the Egg Chair, which were designed by Arne Jacobsen.
Athough Dyrlund Smith A/S is no longer in business, its furniture remains popular and sought-after by collectors and design enthusiasts.