Frederick Kalmus: Violent Convict with a Troubled Record

Frederick Kalmus (Kalmers) - Transported For 15 Years For…
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Frederick Kalmus (Kalmers) - Transported For 15 Years For 'Cutting and Wounding': Kalmus arrived in Van Diemen's Land in February 1842, one of 401 convicts aboard the 'Tortoise'. His 15 year sentence arose out of his violent refusal to pay for a cup of coffee and four slices of bread and butter at a coffee-shop in Wardour Street, Soho. This original printed and mss Convict Record covers only the first three years of his sentence during which time he was allocated to the Cascades Station Gang. He very quickly got into trouble, the record showing 25 'stripes' for misconduct (28 Feb.1842), 6 days solitary for 'positively refusing to work' (2 March); Insubordination, 30 stripes (April 1842); Disobedience - 8 days solitary (April 1843); Gross disobedience - 6 months hard labour in chains (April 1843); Disobedience - 36 lashes (May 1843)........

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