A French 19th century Louis XV style limed canape, with an…
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A French 19th century Louis XV style limed canape, with an arched carved cresting rail, above a padded back and three lose cushions on short cabriole legs. 200 cm wide

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  • Rail - A term used by cabinet makers for the horizontal sections of the frame of an item such as a chair or settee which have a front rail, a back rail and two side rails, and also on a door or carcase, where the rails are joined to the vertical framings.
  • Cabriole Leg - The cabriole leg evolved from an elongated scroll, curving out at the knee which may or may not be carved, and forming a serpentine shape as it descends to the foot.

    First introduced into English furniture in the late 17th century, cabriole legs were widely used during the Queen Anne and early Georgian periods, where they frequently terminated in a pad foot or ball and claw foot. The style has had many imitators since then. The cabriole leg was re-introduced in the mid-19th century, and is commonly associated with the balloon-back dining or drawing-room chairs made in walnut, mahogany or, in Australia, cedar. The Victorian cabriole leg, on the whole, was rather more slender than the earlier form, following the French style, which emphasized the delicacy and daintiness of the chairs they were designed to support. Cabriole legs are sometimes found on windsor chairs, especially those made during the 18th century.
  • Cresting - The decorative carving at the top of a piece of furniture, such as a sideboard back, a mirror, or a chair back.
  • Limed / Cerused Finish - A process for finishing timber whereby the surface was covered with a coating of lime, which was subsequently brushed from the surface, but allowed to remain in the grain. The resulting surface with its streaking and speckling of white was usually left unpolished. The finish was popular for French furniture in the late 19th century, and English cottage style furniture in the early 20th century. Oak timber was popular for liming because its open grain retained a larger amount of the lime than other close grained timbers.

    Nowadays the same effect can be achieved by use of paint, or proprietry solutions for "liming".

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